Reference
Grappling glossary.
Canonical no-gi grappling terminology with mechanical definitions and direct links to the full technique pages. Aliases are cross-referenced so wrestling, BJJ, judo, and catch-wrestling names all resolve to the same canonical entry.
348 canonical terms 813 aliases indexed
A
66- Achilles Lock alias The straight ankle lock — Achilles lock — is the foundational lower limb submission. Legal in all major rulesets. Understanding Submission grappling…
- Achilles lock escape alias Straight ankle lock escape — boot defence, hide the heel, pommel the knee line, pull out to combat base. Foundational leg lock defence. Submission…
- All-fours (partial) alias The transitional four-point position: both players' knees on the mat, both hands posted. The breakdown chain for the top Submission grappling reference.
- All-fours position (defensive) alias Turtle bottom — four-tier escape hierarchy and common defensive failures. Exit before seatbelt or headlock is established. Submission grappling reference.
- All-fours position escape alias Turtle escape techniques — Granby roll, sit-out, switch, Peterson roll, hip heist. Transitional position exit. Submission grappling reference.
- All-fours recovery alias Back escape to turtle — when face-out isn't available, belly-down and recover to turtle. Flattens the attacker's strangle threat, exits via all-fours…
- Americana Americana — figure-four to the mat in external rotation. Inverse of the kimura. Primary submission from mount. Submission grappling reference.
- Anaconda Choke The anaconda choke: the arm threads under the near arm and under the far side of the neck — the reverse of the D'arce. Requires Submission grappling…
- Anaconda escape alias D’Arce and anaconda escape — clear the arm early, tight turtle, roll to back take counter, arm drag counter, stack and post. Submission grappling…
- Angled Ashi alias Diagonal ashi garami is a transitional leg entanglement position — the specific angle that makes the Z-lock hip submission Submission grappling reference.
- Ankle grab sweep alias Tripod sweep — opposing push-pull forces; one foot on the hip, one hand on the ankle, removing the opponent’s base. Submission grappling reference.
- Ankle Pick The ankle pick is a precision takedown — controlling one ankle and pulling it forward while the opponent's weight is on it. Submission grappling reference.
- Ankle pick takedown alias The ankle pick is a precision takedown — controlling one ankle and pulling it forward while the opponent's weight is on it. Submission grappling reference.
- Ankle ride alias The near ankle ride grips the bottom player's near ankle from turtle top, controlling the near leg to prevent standup and enable tilts and turns. A…
- Ankle sweep alias The sickle sweep hooks the bottom player's leg behind the standing opponent's far ankle in a scything motion, pulling the ankle out while pushing the…
- Anti-berimbolo alias Berimbolo defence — deny the hip rotation, counter the back-take chain, and convert the scramble into passing or leg entanglement opportunities…
- Anti-inversion alias Inverted guard pass — deny the inversion, collapse the hips, and pass the transitional hub that feeds berimbolo and leg entanglement entries. Submission…
- Anti-ushiro X alias Ushiro X pass — deny the hip inversion, close the inside space, and defeat the cross ashi / back take dilemma from reverse X guard. Submission grappling…
- Aoki Lock The Aoki lock attacks the medial knee through a specific reverse leg configuration from ashi garami. A compression and torsion Submission grappling…
- Arm crank alias Mir Lock — straight arm shoulder and elbow submission; arm extended then cranked to load both the elbow and shoulder. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm crush alias Inverted armbar — attacks the elbow in supination with the arm rotated so the elbow faces upward; the attacker's chest or shoulder is the fulcrum…
- Arm crush (from side control) alias Cross-chest armbar — attacks the arm crossing the chest when opponent frames from side control. Compresses the elbow downward. Submission grappling…
- Arm Drag Arm drag — opponent’s arm used as a handle to redirect their body; pulling across the centreline exposes the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm drag from butterfly alias Butterfly arm drag — arm drag clears the near arm, exposing the back or creating a single leg angle. Back take or sweep. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm drag to back alias Arm drag — opponent’s arm used as a handle to redirect their body; pulling across the centreline exposes the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm harness alias Over-under back control — one arm over the shoulder (overhook), one arm under the armpit (underhook). Less immediate strangle Submission grappling…
- Arm lock alias Armbar — elbow hyperextension with hip as fulcrum, arm isolated from body. Connects to triangle and kimura via chain attacks. Submission grappling…
- Arm Pin alias Wrist ride — folkstyle base-disruption tool; pinning the opponent’s wrist to the mat exposes the back and prevents recovery. Submission grappling…
- Arm slicer alias The bicep slicer traps the arm against a forearm, shin, or knee fulcrum, crushing the bicep and brachialis to attack the elbow in flexion. Legal at…
- Arm Trap alias Power nelson — arms under armpits, hands behind the head. Shoulder blade pressure; legal and distinct from the full nelson. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm trap back control alias Straitjacket back control in no-gi: the opponent's near arm is trapped between the attacker's legs while back control is Submission grappling reference.
- Arm trap position alias Crucifix — near arm trapped between top player legs, far arm separately controlled. Both arms isolated; opponent cannot defend. Submission grappling…
- Arm trap triangle alias The anaconda choke: the arm threads under the near arm and under the far side of the neck — the reverse of the D'arce. Requires Submission grappling…
- Arm triangle alias Arm triangle (kata gatame) — near arm pressed against the opponent’s neck; attacking arm wraps to complete the blood choke. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm Triangle (Kata Gatame) Arm triangle (kata gatame) — near arm pressed against the opponent’s neck; attacking arm wraps to complete the blood choke. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm triangle choke alias Arm triangle (kata gatame) — near arm pressed against the opponent’s neck; attacking arm wraps to complete the blood choke. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm triangle defence from bottom alias Kata gatame bottom — defending head-and-arm control. Top player's shoulder driven into the neck with the defender's near arm trapped against their own…
- Arm Triangle Escape Arm triangle escape — hide the shoulder, turn into the attacker, step back the leg to prevent mount, fall off the far side. Head-and-arm choke defence…
- Arm triangle pin alias Kata gatame from front headlock — chest pins near arm against neck; attacking arm over the neck completes the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm triangle setup position alias Kata gatame — head-and-arm control for the arm triangle. Shoulder into neck, arm trapped; creates bilateral carotid compression. Submission grappling…
- Arm weave pass alias The leg weave pass threads the top player's arm between the opponent's legs to control the near leg from inside, creating a passing platform that limits…
- Arm-across-face defence alias Gift wrap bottom — your own arm folded across your face and controlled from mount, neutralising a primary defensive tool. Defence is a race against the…
- Arm-in back choke alias Leg-based strangle from back control — legs lock in a triangle figure-four around the neck and near arm. Distinct from the rear Submission grappling…
- Arm-in choke (no-gi) alias The Ezekiel choke in no-gi: the attacking arm is inserted under the opponent's chin, the gripping arm holds the wrist. The Submission grappling reference.
- Arm-In Guillotine Arm-in guillotine — near arm inside the choke; tighter vascular compression than the arm-out variant. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm-In Triangle Arm-in triangle — neck and one arm inside the triangle. The arm creates a barrier; tighter mechanics required for compression. Submission grappling…
- Arm-in triangle (from front headlock) alias The D'arce choke: arm-in triangle applied from the front headlock when the near arm is posted. The choking arm threads under Submission grappling…
- Arm-in triangle choke alias Arm-in triangle — neck and one arm inside the triangle. The arm creates a barrier; tighter mechanics required for compression. Submission grappling…
- Arm-out guillotine alias Guillotine — primary vascular choke from the front headlock. High-elbow finish from guard and standing. Submission grappling reference.
- Arm-trapped lateral position alias Crucifix bottom — near arm trapped between top player legs, bottom player on the side. Entry prevention is the primary defence. Submission grappling…
- Armbar Armbar — elbow hyperextension with hip as fulcrum, arm isolated from body. Connects to triangle and kimura via chain attacks. Submission grappling…
- Armbar bend counter alias The 3/4 armbar is the bent-arm counter to the standard armbar — entered when the opponent bends their arm to defend. Rather Submission grappling reference.
- Armbar Escape Armbar escape — grip fight, stack, elbow pummel, leg trap, hitchhiker. The hitchhiker is the canonical no-gi armbar escape. Submission grappling reference.
- Ashi back take alias SLX back take — from Single Leg X, invert toward the opponent’s back and take the seatbelt position. Submission grappling reference.
- Ashi dori garami escape alias Toe hold escape — deny the grip, straighten the knee, rotate the foot internally, stack and counter. Elevated-risk leg lock defence. Submission grappling…
- Ashi Garami Ashi garami (single leg X) — foundational leg entanglement; inside space prevents extraction and creates heel hook access. Submission grappling reference.
- Ashi garami ankle wrap alias Pato lock — ankle and lower leg compression from ashi garami and outside ashi via an arm wrap around the ankle. Same mechanical target as the tren lock…
- Ashi Garami Finish alias The outside heel hook — primary submission from ashi garami and outside ashi. Loads medial knee structures through external Submission grappling reference.
- Ashi garami for the arm alias Omoplata — legs trap the arm and drive the shoulder into internal rotation. Positional use is on a separate page. Submission grappling reference.
- Ashi Garami Guard alias Single Leg X in the guard context — where ashi garami is established as a guard configuration before the entanglement is Submission grappling reference.
- Ashi hishigi alias Kneebar — hyperextends the knee by trapping the foot and driving the hip into the back of the knee. Legal in ADCC and EBI. Submission grappling reference.
- Ashi hishigi escape alias Heel hook escape — hide the heel, clear the knee line, mechanics for ashi, outside ashi, cross ashi. Tap at late-stage rotation. Submission grappling…
- Ashi single leg alias SLX stand-up sweep — from Single Leg X, extend the inside hook to force the opponent up, then finish the takedown. Submission grappling reference.
- Asymmetric 50/50 alias 70/30 (80/20) — asymmetric leg entanglement where one player controls a larger share of the leg, creating heel hook advantage. Submission grappling…
- Athletic stance alias Standing — the default start of all grappling exchanges. Stance, base, and distance management determine what is available. Submission grappling reference.
- Attacking the turtle alias Turtle top — Jones attack hierarchy, back take pathways, crucifix entry, four-point breakdown. Attacking the turtled opponent. Submission grappling…
B
94- Back 50/50 alias Backside 50/50 — asymmetric 50/50 where one player has back exposure advantage; primary submission is the outside heel hook. Submission grappling…
- Back attack (turtle entry) alias Turtle top — Jones attack hierarchy, back take pathways, crucifix entry, four-point breakdown. Attacking the turtled opponent. Submission grappling…
- Back attack entry alias The transitional moment of first back access — before any grip system is established. The hub that connects every back take Submission grappling reference.
- Back body lock alias Rear body lock — both arms around the opponent’s torso from behind, hip-to-hip. Standing precursor to back take entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Back body triangle alias Leg-based strangle from back control — legs lock in a triangle figure-four around the neck and near arm. Distinct from the rear Submission grappling…
- Back Crucifix Back crucifix — behind the turtle with the near arm trapped. Kimura, triangle, and RNC available from this position. Submission grappling reference.
- Back Defence — Hand Fight Back hand-fight defence — chin tuck, two-on-one on the strangle wrist, elbow-to-hip control, palm shield against the jaw pry. The pre-RNC grip system…
- Back Defence — Harness Harness back control escape — over-under (gable grip) is inert as a finish but robust as a hold. Force the RNC transition and defend it. Granby roll…
- Back Defence — Standing Standing back defence — piggyback/backpack escape. Hand-fight the standing RNC, controlled fall to disrupt hooks, wall-pin to crush the attacker's ribs…
- Back Defence — Turtle Recovery Back escape to turtle — when face-out isn't available, belly-down and recover to turtle. Flattens the attacker's strangle threat, exits via all-fours…
- Back Exposure The transitional moment of first back access — before any grip system is established. The hub that connects every back take Submission grappling reference.
- back exposure kneebar alias Lateral knee bar — kneebar applied from back exposure or leg ride positions, where the attacker is positioned behind the opponent's leg. Mechanically…
- Back mount grip alias Seatbelt back control — over-under grip with strangle hand over the shoulder, control hand under the armpit. Submission grappling reference.
- Back step alias Back step pass — near leg stepped backward to extract from top half guard or stalled knee cut. Creates the passing angle. Submission grappling reference.
- Back Step Pass Back step pass — near leg stepped backward to extract from top half guard or stalled knee cut. Creates the passing angle. Submission grappling reference.
- Back take alias The transitional moment of first back access — before any grip system is established. The hub that connects every back take Submission grappling reference.
- Back Take Entry Routes Back entries — every route into back control from standing, guard, top, and leg entanglements. Hub for the back attack system. Submission grappling…
- Back Triangle Leg-based strangle from back control — legs lock in a triangle figure-four around the neck and near arm. Distinct from the rear Submission grappling…
- Back X alias Ushiro X is an inverted X-guard position in which the bottom player faces the same direction as the opponent. The inversion Submission grappling reference.
- Back X defence alias Ushiro X pass — deny the hip inversion, close the inside space, and defeat the cross ashi / back take dilemma from reverse X guard. Submission grappling…
- Back-exposed mount bottom alias Technical mount bottom — defending the stepped-out mount. One foot posted beside the defender's hip, back take and arm triangle imminent; the defender is…
- Back-facing guard alias Reverse guard is a facing-away guard position — the bottom player's back is toward the opponent. Provides direct outside ashi Submission grappling…
- Backpack Position Backpack position — chest-to-back back control without leg hooks. Double overhooks or seatbelt with no hooks set. Transitional or standing back control…
- Backpack RNC alias Standing RNC — rear naked choke applied from standing back control before hooks are established. Different technical demands from the ground RNC…
- Backside 50/50 Backside 50/50 — asymmetric 50/50 where one player has back exposure advantage; primary submission is the outside heel hook. Submission grappling…
- Backside Fifty-Fifty alias Backside 50/50 — asymmetric 50/50 where one player has back exposure advantage; primary submission is the outside heel hook. Submission grappling…
- Balloon sweep alias The overhead sweep from closed guard in no-gi: using the passer's forward pressure against them to roll them overhead and come up on top.
- Banana Split The Banana Split is a hip and adductor submission applied from cross ashi / saddle / honey hole. One leg is pushed forward Submission grappling reference.
- Baratoplata Baratoplata — shoulder lock from omoplata-family positions; the shin or forearm lever rotates the shoulder against its range. Submission grappling…
- Barrel roll alias The Twister is a spinal rotation submission executed from the truck (crab ride) position. One leg hooks between the opponent's Submission grappling…
- Base and escape alias Sit-out and stand-up mechanics — highest-priority exit in the scramble hierarchy. Technical execution from bottom positions. Submission grappling…
- Base position alias Standing — the default start of all grappling exchanges. Stance, base, and distance management determine what is available. Submission grappling reference.
- Base up alias Wrestling up is the act of returning to a standing base from the turtle bottom position. It is the primary proactive escape Submission grappling reference.
- Baseball Bat Choke Baseball bat choke — cross-grip forearms against the neck with a torquing finish. Available from back, knee on belly, crucifix. Submission grappling…
- Baseball choke alias Baseball bat choke — cross-grip forearms against the neck with a torquing finish. Available from back, knee on belly, crucifix. Submission grappling…
- Basic butterfly sweep alias Butterfly hook sweep — underhook controls direction, hook elevates and tips the top player. Foundation of the butterfly system. Submission grappling…
- Basic half guard sweep alias Half lower leg sweep — from Z-guard or half guard, near-knee hook and underhook sweep. Ducking to defend opens the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Bear hug front alias The front body lock — both arms wrapped around the opponent's torso from the front — provides the highest level of positional Submission grappling…
- Behind-the-back knee bar alias Lateral knee bar — kneebar applied from back exposure or leg ride positions, where the attacker is positioned behind the opponent's leg. Mechanically…
- Belly Down Back Mount Belly down back — both players prone; entered when opponent rolls from seated back. Opens heel hooks and cross ashi entries. Submission grappling…
- Belly-Down Outside Ashi alias Reverse guard in the entanglement context — facing away from the opponent with a leg captured. Outside heel hook and kneebar Submission grappling…
- Belly-to-back suplex alias The suplex lifts the opponent from a rear body lock and arches backward, throwing them overhead. A high-amplitude Greco-Roman throw with German…
- Belt grip alias Rear body lock — both arms around the opponent’s torso from behind, hip-to-hip. Standing precursor to back take entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Bent arm choke alias Garrot choke — wrist and bicep compress both carotids without a figure-four grip. Applied from back control and turtle. Submission grappling reference.
- Bent armbar alias The 3/4 armbar is the bent-arm counter to the standard armbar — entered when the opponent bends their arm to defend. Rather Submission grappling reference.
- Berimbolo Berimbolo — inverted rolling from De la Riva, RDLR, 50/50, seated guard. Exits to back control, crab ride, leg entanglements. Submission grappling…
- Berimbolo counter alias Berimbolo defence — deny the hip rotation, counter the back-take chain, and convert the scramble into passing or leg entanglement opportunities…
- Berimbolo Defence Berimbolo defence — deny the hip rotation, counter the back-take chain, and convert the scramble into passing or leg entanglement opportunities…
- Berimbolo from RDLR alias The RDLR back take in no-gi: from reverse de la riva, invert through the space under the opponent's hips and take the back. The Submission grappling…
- Bicep crush alias The bicep slicer traps the arm against a forearm, shin, or knee fulcrum, crushing the bicep and brachialis to attack the elbow in flexion. Legal at…
- Bicep Slicer The bicep slicer traps the arm against a forearm, shin, or knee fulcrum, crushing the bicep and brachialis to attack the elbow in flexion. Legal at…
- Bilateral Arm Control alias Power nelson — arms under armpits, hands behind the head. Shoulder blade pressure; legal and distinct from the full nelson. Submission grappling reference.
- Blast Double Blast double — the explosive variant of the double leg takedown.
- Blast double alias Double leg — head at the hip, shoulder through both legs. Deepest level change of any takedown. Primary defence is the sprawl. Submission grappling…
- Body lock butterfly alias Butterfly sweep mechanics applied from octopus guard: combining the underhook and body-lock control with a butterfly hook lift to sweep the passer forward.
- Body lock from guard alias Clamp — deep overhook and body lock isolating one arm from guard. Platform for triangle, armbar, omoplata, kimura, leg locks. Submission grappling…
- Body Lock Pass The body lock pass in no-gi: wrapping both legs to eliminate hooks and drive through the guard. The primary answer to butterfly Submission grappling…
- Body scissors alias Body triangle — figure-four legs around the torso from back control. Removes the bridge, loads the ribs, compounds the strangle. Submission grappling…
- Body Triangle Body triangle — figure-four legs around the torso from back control. Removes the bridge, loads the ribs, compounds the strangle. Submission grappling…
- Body Triangle Defence Body triangle back control escape — bridge unavailable; lateral rotation toward the opponent is the primary exit. Submission grappling reference.
- Body-to-body contact alias Over-under clinch — overhook over the near shoulder, underhook under the far arm. Primary no-gi contact position. Submission grappling reference.
- bottom mount alias Mount bottom — defending full mount, the highest-danger pin. Top player across the hips; preventing high mount is the priority. Submission grappling…
- Bottom of 100-kilo position alias North-south bottom — opponent facing the feet, weight on the chest. Kimura threat is immediate. Primary escape: bridge and hip. Submission grappling…
- Bottom of full mount alias Mount bottom — defending full mount, the highest-danger pin. Top player across the hips; preventing high mount is the priority. Submission grappling…
- Bottom of knee ride alias Knee on belly bottom — top knee into the abdomen. Instinctive push opens the armbar. Two-hand removal is the correct response. Submission grappling…
- bottom of mount alias Mount bottom — defending full mount, the highest-danger pin. Top player across the hips; preventing high mount is the priority. Submission grappling…
- Bottom of side mount alias The defensive view of side control — when the opponent has completed a pass and holds the pin. The most common situation Submission grappling reference.
- Bottom X alias X-guard controls one of the standing opponent's legs with both of the bottom player's legs in an X configuration. Hip elevation Submission grappling…
- Brabo alias The brabo choke in no-gi: a D'Arce variant entered from top guard or top half guard rather than from turtle. The attacker's arm Submission grappling…
- Brabo Choke The brabo choke in no-gi: a D'Arce variant entered from top guard or top half guard rather than from turtle. The attacker's arm Submission grappling…
- Breakdown position alias The transitional four-point position: both players' knees on the mat, both hands posted. The breakdown chain for the top Submission grappling reference.
- Buggy alias The buggy choke in no-gi: a self-defence roll executed from bottom mount or bottom side control that threads the attacker's own Submission grappling…
- Buggy Choke The buggy choke in no-gi: a self-defence roll executed from bottom mount or bottom side control that threads the attacker's own Submission grappling…
- Buggy Choke Escape How to escape the buggy choke — removing the leg from the choking configuration and the body positioning principles. An emerging area of the competitive…
- Buggy escape alias How to escape the buggy choke — removing the leg from the choking configuration and the body positioning principles. An emerging area of the competitive…
- Bulldog Choke Bulldog choke — both forearms under the chin from turtle top. Bilateral carotid compression; effective when the chin is exposed. Submission grappling…
- Bulldog Choke Escape Bulldog choke escape — chin tuck denies both arms the insertion window; strip one arm to break bilateral compression; turn to one side to eliminate the…
- Bulldog escape alias Bulldog choke escape — chin tuck denies both arms the insertion window; strip one arm to break bilateral compression; turn to one side to eliminate the…
- Bullfighter pass alias The toreando (bullfighter) pass in no-gi: controlling both shins and redirecting the legs to pass around to the side. The Submission grappling reference.
- Butt scoot guard alias Seated guard is the foundational open guard — feet active between the passer's knees, head up, hands ready to frame or attack. Submission grappling…
- Butt scooting alias Guard pulling is a deliberate strategic choice to initiate ground fighting from the bottom — not a failed takedown. The Submission grappling reference.
- Butterfly Arm Drag Sweep Butterfly arm drag — arm drag clears the near arm, exposing the back or creating a single leg angle. Back take or sweep. Submission grappling reference.
- Butterfly ashi entry alias Butterfly ashi — butterfly hook becomes ashi garami when top player steps in. Entry to the leg entanglement cluster. Submission grappling reference.
- Butterfly Ashi Garami Butterfly ashi — butterfly hook becomes ashi garami when top player steps in. Entry to the leg entanglement cluster. Submission grappling reference.
- Butterfly Guard Butterfly guard uses both hooks inside the opponent's thighs to elevate and destabilise a kneeling passer. The underhook Submission grappling reference.
- Butterfly half guard alias Half butterfly guard in no-gi: one leg trapped in the half guard configuration while the free leg inserts a butterfly hook Submission grappling reference.
- Butterfly Hook Break Butterfly hook break — kill the hook elevation, fold the knees down, pin a thigh to engage passing. Prerequisite for body-lock, knee-cut, and smash…
- Butterfly hook neutralisation alias Butterfly hook break — kill the hook elevation, fold the knees down, pin a thigh to engage passing. Prerequisite for body-lock, knee-cut, and smash…
- Butterfly Hook Sweep Butterfly hook sweep — underhook controls direction, hook elevates and tips the top player. Foundation of the butterfly system. Submission grappling…
- Butterfly hooks alias Butterfly guard uses both hooks inside the opponent's thighs to elevate and destabilise a kneeling passer. The underhook Submission grappling reference.
- Butterfly pass setup alias Butterfly hook break — kill the hook elevation, fold the knees down, pin a thigh to engage passing. Prerequisite for body-lock, knee-cut, and smash…
- Butterfly Sumi Gaeshi Butterfly sumi — sacrifice throw from butterfly guard: backward fall, hook lift, chest connection. Weight drives the reversal. Submission grappling…
- Butterfly to ashi transition alias Butterfly ashi — butterfly hook becomes ashi garami when top player steps in. Entry to the leg entanglement cluster. Submission grappling reference.
- Butterfly top alias Top butterfly — low base requirement to manage hook exposure; passing frameworks from butterfly top. Submission grappling reference.
C
44- Calf crush alias Calf slicer — calf compressed against attacker’s bone; loads the knee through combined compression and rotation. Submission grappling reference.
- Calf cutter alias Calf slicer — calf compressed against attacker’s bone; loads the knee through combined compression and rotation. Submission grappling reference.
- Calf Slicer Calf slicer — calf compressed against attacker’s bone; loads the knee through combined compression and rotation. Submission grappling reference.
- Can Opener The Can Opener is a cervical hyperflexion submission from inside the opponent's closed guard. Both hands grip the head and force it forward, loading the…
- Cement Mixer The cement mixer is a rotational wrestling turn where the top player grabs the far arm and near leg, creating a rotating cradle that rolls the bottom…
- Chicken wing alias Chicken wing ride — the near arm is levered behind the opponent's own back, elbow bent upward behind the shoulder blade, maintaining turtle top control…
- Chicken wing escape alias Kimura escape — elbow to body, thigh grip, walk the wall, kimura counter roll. Early connection prevents arm isolation. Submission grappling reference.
- Chicken Wing Ride Chicken wing ride — the near arm is levered behind the opponent's own back, elbow bent upward behind the shoulder blade, maintaining turtle top control…
- Choi Bar Choi Bar — shoulder rotation submission; arm pulled across the body while the shoulder is externally rotated. From side control. Submission grappling…
- circle throw alias Tomoe nage — sacrifice throw where the attacker falls backward and uses a foot planted on the opponent's hip or stomach to launch them overhead.
- Clamp escape alias Clamp pass — recover posture against the overhook, defeat the closed guard lock, and disengage the submission platform. How to pass the clamp position…
- Clamp Pass Clamp pass — recover posture against the overhook, defeat the closed guard lock, and disengage the submission platform. How to pass the clamp position…
- Clamp Position Clamp — deep overhook and body lock isolating one arm from guard. Platform for triangle, armbar, omoplata, kimura, leg locks. Submission grappling…
- Claw The claw grip is a transitional upper body control from the folkstyle wrestling family. The curved-finger grip on the near Submission grappling reference.
- Claw Grip alias The claw grip is a transitional upper body control from the folkstyle wrestling family. The curved-finger grip on the near Submission grappling reference.
- Closed Guard Closed guard — legs locked around the top player’s waist, passing blocked until opened. Sweeps and submissions from bottom. Submission grappling reference.
- Closed Guard Break — Kneeling Kneeling closed guard break — open the closed guard without standing. Sit back onto heels, wedge elbow to far knee, push outward while keeping posture…
- Closed Guard Break — Standing Standing closed guard break — the primary method of opening a closed guard in no-gi. Post on the hips, stand with one knee up, and drop weight through…
- Coil lock escape alias Omoplata escape — posture forward, forward roll, cartwheel over, step over the head. Shoulder defence from guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Collar tie alias The single collar tie — one hand on the back of the opponent's head — is the standard initial engagement position. It controls Submission grappling…
- Combat base passing alias Standing passer against an opponent lying on their back — closed guard, De la Riva, X-guard. Gravity-assisted pressure, leg stretching, and footwork…
- Compression lock alias Calf slicer — calf compressed against attacker’s bone; loads the knee through combined compression and rotation. Submission grappling reference.
- Control arm choke alias Short choke — rear strangle using the under-chin arm path. Primary option when chin tuck blocks the rear naked choke. Submission grappling reference.
- corner reversal alias Sumi gaeshi (standing context) — sacrifice throw where the attacker falls backward while elevating the opponent's near leg.
- corner throw alias Sumi gaeshi (standing context) — sacrifice throw where the attacker falls backward while elevating the opponent's near leg.
- Counter Ashi alias Mutual ashi — also called criss-cross ashi — is the position where both players are in overlapping single-leg entanglements. Submission grappling…
- Cow hand alias Wristlock — radiocarpal joint attack via hyperextension or deviation. Shorter injury window; restricted in beginner contexts. Submission grappling…
- Crab Hook alias Truck (crab ride) — elevated control of one leg behind the turtled opponent; heel hook and back take access. Submission grappling reference.
- Crab Ride alias Truck (crab ride) — elevated control of one leg behind the turtled opponent; heel hook and back take access. Submission grappling reference.
- Crab Ride Hook alias Twister hook — one leg threaded between the opponent's legs to limit spinal rotation. Entry to the truck position. Submission grappling reference.
- Criss-Cross Ashi alias Mutual ashi — also called criss-cross ashi — is the position where both players are in overlapping single-leg entanglements. Submission grappling…
- Cross armlock alias Armbar — elbow hyperextension with hip as fulcrum, arm isolated from body. Connects to triangle and kimura via chain attacks. Submission grappling…
- Cross ashi calf slicer alias Mikey lock — calf compression applied from cross ashi / saddle, transitioning from inside heel hook attempts. Same mechanical target as the calf slicer…
- Cross Ashi Garami Cross ashi garami — inside heel hook position: saddle, inside sankaku, honey hole. Hardest to escape; shortest injury timeline. Submission grappling…
- Cross scissors alias The side scissors sweep from closed guard: hip-escaping laterally to attack a perpendicular angle and sweep the passer with crossed-leg pressure.
- Cross side escape alias Side control escape techniques — hip escape, ghost escape, Granby roll, single leg escape, underhook recovery. Submission grappling reference.
- Cross-body alias Side control — chest-to-chest pin after a guard pass. Primary platform for kimura, arm triangle, D’Arce, and transitions. Submission grappling reference.
- Cross-Chest Armbar Cross-chest armbar — attacks the arm crossing the chest when opponent frames from side control. Compresses the elbow downward. Submission grappling…
- Cross-grip choke alias Baseball bat choke — cross-grip forearms against the neck with a torquing finish. Available from back, knee on belly, crucifix. Submission grappling…
- Crotch lift alias High crotch — between single and double leg: head at hip level, arm under the crotch. Converts to double leg or spins to back. Submission grappling…
- Crotch ripper alias The Banana Split is a hip and adductor submission applied from cross ashi / saddle / honey hole. One leg is pushed forward Submission grappling reference.
- Crucifix — Bottom Crucifix bottom — near arm trapped between top player legs, bottom player on the side. Entry prevention is the primary defence. Submission grappling…
- Crucifix — Top Crucifix — near arm trapped between top player legs, far arm separately controlled. Both arms isolated; opponent cannot defend. Submission grappling…
- Crucifix (from turtle) alias Back crucifix — behind the turtle with the near arm trapped. Kimura, triangle, and RNC available from this position. Submission grappling reference.
D
61- D-leg alias Double leg — head at the hip, shoulder through both legs. Deepest level change of any takedown. Primary defence is the sprawl. Submission grappling…
- D'Arce and Anaconda Escape D’Arce and anaconda escape — clear the arm early, tight turtle, roll to back take counter, arm drag counter, stack and post. Submission grappling…
- D'arce Choke The D'arce choke: arm-in triangle applied from the front headlock when the near arm is posted. The choking arm threads under Submission grappling…
- D'Arce escape alias D’Arce and anaconda escape — clear the arm early, tight turtle, roll to back take counter, arm drag counter, stack and post. Submission grappling…
- de ashi alias De ashi harai — lateral foot sweep at the moment of weight transfer. Too early or too late and the sweep fails. Submission grappling reference.
- de ashi barai alias De ashi harai — lateral foot sweep at the moment of weight transfer. Too early or too late and the sweep fails. Submission grappling reference.
- De Ashi Harai De ashi harai — lateral foot sweep at the moment of weight transfer. Too early or too late and the sweep fails. Submission grappling reference.
- De La Riva Break De La Riva hook break — kill the hook by killing the foot-on-hip frame, defeat the sleeve/ankle grip, step back to clear the hook. Prerequisite for…
- De la Riva Guard De la Riva guard in no-gi: the DLR hook and shin grip as an entry platform to leg entanglements, tripod sweeps, and back takes. Submission grappling…
- De La Riva opening alias De La Riva hook break — kill the hook by killing the foot-on-hip frame, defeat the sleeve/ankle grip, step back to clear the hook. Prerequisite for…
- deashi alias De ashi harai — lateral foot sweep at the moment of weight transfer. Too early or too late and the sweep fails. Submission grappling reference.
- Deep half alias Deep half guard — bottom player scoops under, head near the far hip. Sweeps from underneath as the top player tries to flatten. Submission grappling…
- Deep half back entry alias Deep half back take — when the opponent posts forward to defend the sweep, the bottom player converts to the back take. Submission grappling reference.
- Deep Half Back Take Deep half back take — when the opponent posts forward to defend the sweep, the bottom player converts to the back take. Submission grappling reference.
- Deep half far leg recovery alias Waiter guard pass — recover the far leg from the under-hook, deny the sweep and leg entanglement entries, and pass the deep half variant. Submission…
- Deep Half Guard Deep half guard — bottom player scoops under, head near the far hip. Sweeps from underneath as the top player tries to flatten. Submission grappling…
- Deep half guard bottom alias Deep half guard — bottom player scoops under, head near the far hip. Sweeps from underneath as the top player tries to flatten. Submission grappling…
- Deep half roll alias The deep half sweep in no-gi: from deep half guard, secure the hip underhook and roll the opponent over the top to mount. The Submission grappling…
- Deep Half Sweep The deep half sweep in no-gi: from deep half guard, secure the hip underhook and roll the opponent over the top to mount. The Submission grappling…
- Deep half sweep alias Half waiter sweep — far leg lifted to remove the top player’s base, then hip escape to come on top. From waiter position. Submission grappling reference.
- Deep overhook pass alias Octopus guard pass — strip the deep overhook, recover posture, flatten or backstep to pass. How to deal with the seated overhook back-take platform…
- Defensive sprawl alias Sprawl — primary takedown defence: hips down, legs behind the attacker. Creates front headlock for guillotines and anacondas. Submission grappling…
- Defensive turtle alias Turtle bottom — four-tier escape hierarchy and common defensive failures. Exit before seatbelt or headlock is established. Submission grappling reference.
- DH guard alias Deep half guard — bottom player scoops under, head near the far hip. Sweeps from underneath as the top player tries to flatten. Submission grappling…
- Diagonal Ashi Garami Diagonal ashi garami is a transitional leg entanglement position — the specific angle that makes the Z-lock hip submission Submission grappling reference.
- Diagonal Entanglement alias Diagonal ashi garami is a transitional leg entanglement position — the specific angle that makes the Z-lock hip submission Submission grappling reference.
- DLR alias De la Riva guard in no-gi: the DLR hook and shin grip as an entry platform to leg entanglements, tripod sweeps, and back takes. Submission grappling…
- DLR disengagement alias De La Riva hook break — kill the hook by killing the foot-on-hip frame, defeat the sleeve/ankle grip, step back to clear the hook. Prerequisite for…
- Dog fight alias The dogfight is the neutral kneeling scramble that arises from half guard when both players are fighting for the underhook. Submission grappling reference.
- Dogfight The dogfight is the neutral kneeling scramble that arises from half guard when both players are fighting for the underhook. Submission grappling reference.
- Domplata The domplata slides one shin across the opponent's throat from mount while trapping their arm, creating a combined throat compression and shoulder lock…
- Domplata — Bottom Domplata bottom — defending the shin-to-throat compression from mount with one arm trapped. Defence is pre-emptive (deny the arm isolation) or immediate…
- Double berimbolo alias Berimbolo defence — deny the hip rotation, counter the back-take chain, and convert the scramble into passing or leg entanglement opportunities…
- Double berimbolo (the chain variant) alias Berimbolo — inverted rolling from De la Riva, RDLR, 50/50, seated guard. Exits to back control, crab ride, leg entanglements. Submission grappling…
- Double butterfly alias Butterfly guard uses both hooks inside the opponent's thighs to elevate and destabilise a kneeling passer. The underhook Submission grappling reference.
- Double collar alias The double collar tie — both hands on the back of the opponent's neck — creates the clinch snap and the hip throw entry. The Submission grappling…
- Double Collar Tie The double collar tie — both hands on the back of the opponent's neck — creates the clinch snap and the hip throw entry. The Submission grappling…
- Double inside position alias Double underhooks give the most hip control of any clinch position — both arms under the opponent's, both hips accessible. The Submission grappling…
- Double Leg Entry Double leg — head at the hip, shoulder through both legs. Deepest level change of any takedown. Primary defence is the sprawl. Submission grappling…
- Double leg takedown alias Double leg — head at the hip, shoulder through both legs. Deepest level change of any takedown. Primary defence is the sprawl. Submission grappling…
- Double leg wrap pass alias The body lock pass in no-gi: wrapping both legs to eliminate hooks and drive through the guard. The primary answer to butterfly Submission grappling…
- Double neck tie alias The double collar tie — both hands on the back of the opponent's neck — creates the clinch snap and the hip throw entry. The Submission grappling…
- Double overhooks back control alias Backpack position — chest-to-back back control without leg hooks. Double overhooks or seatbelt with no hooks set. Transitional or standing back control…
- Double shin guard alias Double shin guard sweep in no-gi: controlling both shins to disrupt posture and force a sweep or leg entanglement. Covers Submission grappling reference.
- Double Shin Guard Sweep Double shin guard sweep in no-gi: controlling both shins to disrupt posture and force a sweep or leg entanglement. Covers Submission grappling reference.
- Double under alias Double underhooks give the most hip control of any clinch position — both arms under the opponent's, both hips accessible. The Submission grappling…
- Double Under Pass Double under pass — both arms under the bottom player’s legs; stack upright, cartwheel or dump to complete. Submission grappling reference.
- Double under stack alias Double under pass — both arms under the bottom player’s legs; stack upright, cartwheel or dump to complete. Submission grappling reference.
- Double underchin choke alias Bulldog choke — both forearms under the chin from turtle top. Bilateral carotid compression; effective when the chin is exposed. Submission grappling…
- Double Underhooks Double underhooks give the most hip control of any clinch position — both arms under the opponent's, both hips accessible. The Submission grappling…
- Double wristlock alias Kimura — figure-four shoulder lock in internal rotation and extension. The submission finish of the system; powers back takes. Submission grappling…
- Double-leg tie-up alias The front body lock — both arms wrapped around the opponent's torso from the front — provides the highest level of positional Submission grappling…
- Double-wrist lock control alias Kimura control — figure-four grip used positionally. From this grip: back take, turtle control, mount, or submission chain. Submission grappling reference.
- Double-wrist lock escape alias Kimura escape — elbow to body, thigh grip, walk the wall, kimura counter roll. Early connection prevents arm isolation. Submission grappling reference.
- Doubles alias Double leg — head at the hip, shoulder through both legs. Deepest level change of any takedown. Primary defence is the sprawl. Submission grappling…
- Drag sweep alias Butterfly arm drag — arm drag clears the near arm, exposing the back or creating a single leg angle. Back take or sweep. Submission grappling reference.
- drive double alias Blast double — the explosive variant of the double leg takedown.
- drop seoi alias Seoi otoshi — the drop shoulder throw, no-gi-friendly variant where the attacker drops to the knees during the pivot to compress entry time and reduce.
- drop seoi nage alias Seoi otoshi — the drop shoulder throw, no-gi-friendly variant where the attacker drops to the knees during the pivot to compress entry time and reduce.
- Duck Under The duck under is a wrestling entry in which the attacker dips below the opponent's arm to emerge on their back side.
- Duck-under back take from half guard alias Half scorpion back take — top player ducks and drives hips up to defend the sweep, exposing the back for the bottom player. Submission grappling reference.
E
12- Eighty-Twenty alias 70/30 (80/20) — asymmetric leg entanglement where one player controls a larger share of the leg, creating heel hook advantage. Submission grappling…
- Electric Chair Electric chair — from deep half, far leg captured and extended to stretch the inner thigh. Categorised in the kimura system. Submission grappling…
- Electric Chair Sweep Electric chair sweep — extends the top player's far leg outward from the lockdown in half guard, levering them over their own trapped leg. Distinct from…
- Elevated Leg Ride alias Shelf — leg ride variant with the near leg lifted across the top player’s thigh, exposing the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Elevator sweep alias Butterfly hook sweep — underhook controls direction, hook elevates and tips the top player. Foundation of the butterfly system. Submission grappling…
- Entanglement alias Ashi garami (single leg X) — foundational leg entanglement; inside space prevents extraction and creates heel hook access. Submission grappling reference.
- Estima Lock The Estima lock is a rapid foot and ankle submission using a rear-naked-choke-style grip on the foot, finished by driving the foot into the attacker's…
- Estima Lock alias The straight ankle lock — Achilles lock — is the foundational lower limb submission. Legal in all major rulesets. Understanding Submission grappling…
- explosive double alias Blast double — the explosive variant of the double leg takedown.
- Ezekiel choke alias The Ezekiel choke in no-gi: the attacking arm is inserted under the opponent's chin, the gripping arm holds the wrist. The Submission grappling reference.
- Ezekiel Choke (No-Gi) The Ezekiel choke in no-gi: the attacking arm is inserted under the opponent's chin, the gripping arm holds the wrist. The Submission grappling reference.
- Ezekiel Choke Escape Ezekiel choke escape (no-gi) — chin tuck before the insertion, peel the inserting arm's wrist, turn into the elbow side, bridge and recover. Submission…
F
56- Face-down back alias Belly down back — both players prone; entered when opponent rolls from seated back. Opens heel hooks and cross ashi entries. Submission grappling…
- Facing octopus guard alias Octopus top — passer's view against octopus guard. Back take and kosoto sweep are the threats. Near hip away is the defence. Submission grappling…
- Facing-Away Entanglement alias Reverse guard in the entanglement context — facing away from the opponent with a leg captured. Outside heel hook and kneebar Submission grappling…
- Facing-away guard alias Reverse guard is a facing-away guard position — the bottom player's back is toward the opponent. Provides direct outside ashi Submission grappling…
- False Reap False reap — outside leg threads across the near leg, mirror of the reap. Access to ashi, outside ashi, cross ashi, and 50/50. Submission grappling…
- Far ankle sweep alias The lumberjack sweep grabs the top player's far ankle from half guard or seated guard while creating a lateral tipping force, sweeping the top player…
- Far leg control alias Waiter position — deep half guard variant; far leg underhook creates sweep leverage and back take entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Far leg sweep alias Half waiter sweep — far leg lifted to remove the top player’s base, then hip escape to come on top. From waiter position. Submission grappling reference.
- far-ankle sweep finish alias Sweep single — the single leg finish in which the attacker circles to the outside of the trapped leg and sweeps the opponent's far ankle.
- Far-side triangle alias Opposite triangle — catches the far arm. Available when standard entry is blocked but the far arm creates the geometry. Submission grappling reference.
- Fifty-Fifty alias The 50/50 is the symmetric leg entanglement — both players have equal structural access to each other's heel. Understanding Submission grappling reference.
- Figure-four (top version) alias Americana — figure-four to the mat in external rotation. Inverse of the kimura. Primary submission from mount. Submission grappling reference.
- Figure-four armlock alias Kimura — figure-four shoulder lock in internal rotation and extension. The submission finish of the system; powers back takes. Submission grappling…
- Figure-Four Footlock alias The toe hold attacks the foot and ankle through rotation. Available from multiple leg entanglement positions. Restricted in some competitive formats.
- Figure-four half guard alias Lockdown — half guard with the top leg in a figure-four. Controls mobility; foundation of dogfight and electric chair. Submission grappling reference.
- Figure-four half guard pass alias Lockdown pass — defeat the figure-four calf hook, recover the trapped leg, and pass the half guard. How to escape and pass the lockdown position…
- Figure-four leg lock alias Body triangle — figure-four legs around the torso from back control. Removes the bridge, loads the ribs, compounds the strangle. Submission grappling…
- Figure-four with legs alias Omoplata — legs trap the arm and drive the shoulder into internal rotation. Positional use is on a separate page. Submission grappling reference.
- Fireman's Carry Fireman's carry — drops under the arm and through the legs to load the opponent across the shoulders. Shoulder is the fulcrum. Submission grappling…
- Flat-back passing context alias Standing passer against an opponent lying on their back — closed guard, De la Riva, X-guard. Gravity-assisted pressure, leg stretching, and footwork…
- Flattening the seated player alias Seated guard engagement — first-contact actions that convert a live seated guard into a passable supine guard. Closing distance, hand-fighting, denying…
- Floor guard alias Supine guard — lying on the back with feet active, used as a transitional state to reach seated guard or leg entanglement entries. Submission grappling…
- Flower sweep alias The pendulum sweep from closed guard: trapping the arm and driving the leg to rotate the passer. The fundamental closed guard Submission grappling…
- Flying Armbar Flying armbar — standing-to-submission attack; jumping directly to an armbar lock. The highest-risk standing entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Flying juji gatame alias Flying armbar — standing-to-submission attack; jumping directly to an armbar lock. The highest-risk standing entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Flying sankaku alias Flying triangle — jumping from standing to lock a triangle choke. Elevated risk; precise timing required. Submission grappling reference.
- Flying scissors alias Kani Basami — scissors takedown. Sacrifice technique with elevated knee injury risk. Elite-level timing and angle requirement. Heavily…
- Flying Triangle Flying triangle — jumping from standing to lock a triangle choke. Elevated risk; precise timing required. Submission grappling reference.
- Folding guard pass alias The folding pass pins the opponent's knees to their chest and folds the legs to one side, removing framing and clearing the path to side control. Applied…
- Folding Pass The folding pass pins the opponent's knees to their chest and folds the legs to one side, removing framing and clearing the path to side control. Applied…
- Folding pass alias Double under pass — both arms under the bottom player’s legs; stack upright, cartwheel or dump to complete. Submission grappling reference.
- Folding pass alias The stack position is a guard passing pressure tool in which the top player drives the bottom player's hips up over their Submission grappling reference.
- Foot choke alias The Gogoplata is a choke applied by pressing the shin or instep into the opponent's throat from the high guard position. The Submission grappling…
- Foot lift sweep alias Tripod sweep — opposing push-pull forces; one foot on the hip, one hand on the ankle, removing the opponent’s base. Submission grappling reference.
- Foot sweep from bottom alias The irimi ashi sweep: stepping into the opponent's space while controlling a leg to unbalance and force the sweep. A Submission grappling reference.
- Footlock alias The straight ankle lock — Achilles lock — is the foundational lower limb submission. Legal in all major rulesets. Understanding Submission grappling…
- Forearm heel hook alias Junny lock — inside heel hook variant using a wrist and forearm wrap that creates a different lever geometry on the knee. Applied from ashi garami and…
- forward foot sweep alias De ashi harai — lateral foot sweep at the moment of weight transfer. Too early or too late and the sweep fails. Submission grappling reference.
- Four-point alias The transitional four-point position: both players' knees on the mat, both hands posted. The breakdown chain for the top Submission grappling reference.
- Four-Point Position The transitional four-point position: both players' knees on the mat, both hands posted. The breakdown chain for the top Submission grappling reference.
- Front Body Lock The front body lock — both arms wrapped around the opponent's torso from the front — provides the highest level of positional Submission grappling…
- Front bodylock alias The front body lock — both arms wrapped around the opponent's torso from the front — provides the highest level of positional Submission grappling…
- Front headlock alias Front headlock ground control — cervical spine control that leads the body. Primary platform for guillotine, D’Arce, anaconda. Submission grappling…
- Front Headlock — Ground Control Front headlock ground control — cervical spine control that leads the body. Primary platform for guillotine, D’Arce, anaconda. Submission grappling…
- Front Headlock — Standing The standing front headlock: head-and-arm control from the upright position. The clinch-level position that precedes the ground Submission grappling…
- Front headlock choke alias Guillotine — primary vascular choke from the front headlock. High-elbow finish from guard and standing. Submission grappling reference.
- Front headlock choke with leg assist alias Peruvian Necktie — front headlock choke using one leg to assist the choking arm. Triangle compression against the neck. Submission grappling reference.
- Front headlock clinch alias The standing front headlock: head-and-arm control from the upright position. The clinch-level position that precedes the ground Submission grappling…
- Front tren lock alias Pato lock — ankle and lower leg compression from ashi garami and outside ashi via an arm wrap around the ankle. Same mechanical target as the tren lock…
- Front triangle alias Reverse triangle (hantaisankaku) — leg crosses the front of the neck from the opposite direction. Available from north-south. Submission grappling…
- Front-headlock choke escape alias Guillotine escape — posture, side step pass, chin tuck, roll through, arm-in escape. Side step pass is the canonical escape. Submission grappling…
- Full guard alias Closed guard — legs locked around the top player’s waist, passing blocked until opened. Sweeps and submissions from bottom. Submission grappling reference.
- full mount alias The mount is the highest-percentage finishing position in top grappling. The top player sits on the opponent's torso Submission grappling reference.
- Full mount escape alias Mount escape — trap and roll, elbow-knee, ghost, kipping, foot drag, bridge to turtle. Written from the defender's perspective. Submission grappling…
- fullmount alias The mount is the highest-percentage finishing position in top grappling. The top player sits on the opponent's torso Submission grappling reference.
- Fundamental Escape Movements Escape movements — bridge, shrimp, Granby roll, sit-out, stand-up, kipping. All named escapes are built from these six. Submission grappling reference.
G
23- Game Over Game Over (Z-lock, Leg Knot) — an entanglement in which the attacker controls both of the opponent's legs in a crossed configuration. Immediate heel hook…
- Garrot Choke Garrot choke — wrist and bicep compress both carotids without a figure-four grip. Applied from back control and turtle. Submission grappling reference.
- Garrote choke alias Garrot choke — wrist and bicep compress both carotids without a figure-four grip. Applied from back control and turtle. Submission grappling reference.
- German suplex alias The suplex lifts the opponent from a rear body lock and arches backward, throwing them overhead. A high-amplitude Greco-Roman throw with German…
- Gift Wrap Gift wrap — the opponent's arm is taken from mount or side control and folded across their own face and neck. A one-arm control that opens back takes…
- Gift Wrap — Bottom Gift wrap bottom — your own arm folded across your face and controlled from mount, neutralising a primary defensive tool. Defence is a race against the…
- Go Behind The go behind is a standing position change from a front or side position to a full rear position, stepping or spinning around the opponent's side…
- Gogoplata The Gogoplata is a choke applied by pressing the shin or instep into the opponent's throat from the high guard position. The Submission grappling…
- Granby alias The Granby roll is a defensive rolling escape from turtle or referee's position bottom — roll across one shoulder while threading a leg through, creating…
- Granby back take alias Kiss of the Dragon — Granby roll under the opponent from turtle bottom to expose the back. Direct back take entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Granby Roll The Granby roll is a defensive rolling escape from turtle or referee's position bottom — roll across one shoulder while threading a leg through, creating…
- Granby roll alias Rolls and reversals — Granby roll, inside arm roll, outside arm roll. Guard recovery mechanics from turtle and bottom positions. Submission grappling…
- Grasshopper Guard Grasshopper guard — the bottom player lies on their side, one leg controlling the opponent's near leg from outside (like a grasshopper's leg). Creates…
- Guard D'Arce alias The brabo choke in no-gi: a D'Arce variant entered from top guard or top half guard rather than from turtle. The attacker's arm Submission grappling…
- Guard Pull Guard pulling is a deliberate strategic choice to initiate ground fighting from the bottom — not a failed takedown. The Submission grappling reference.
- Guard Retention Guard retention in no-gi: the universal principles for keeping guard when the passer is threatening. Covers the three-stage Submission grappling reference.
- Guillotine (High-Elbow) Guillotine — primary vascular choke from the front headlock. High-elbow finish from guard and standing. Submission grappling reference.
- Guillotine choke alias Guillotine — primary vascular choke from the front headlock. High-elbow finish from guard and standing. Submission grappling reference.
- guillotine counter choke alias The Von Flue choke is a counter submission applied when the opponent attempts an arm-in guillotine from the bottom. The top Submission grappling reference.
- guillotine defence choke alias The Von Flue choke is a counter submission applied when the opponent attempts an arm-in guillotine from the bottom. The top Submission grappling reference.
- Guillotine Escape Guillotine escape — posture, side step pass, chin tuck, roll through, arm-in escape. Side step pass is the canonical escape. Submission grappling…
- Gyaku Ashi Garami alias The Aoki lock attacks the medial knee through a specific reverse leg configuration from ashi garami. A compression and torsion Submission grappling…
- Gyaku Ude Garami alias Kimura — figure-four shoulder lock in internal rotation and extension. The submission finish of the system; powers back takes. Submission grappling…
H
92- hadaka jime alias The primary submission from back control. Bilateral carotid compression applied from the seatbelt or body triangle. The most Submission grappling…
- Hadaka jime escape alias Rear naked choke escape — chin tuck, grip fight, seat drop, strong-side turn, Peterson roll. Prevention is the primary defence. Submission grappling…
- Half alias Half guard — trapping one of the top player's legs. One side of the foot line conceded; underhook battle determines the outcome. Submission grappling…
- Half butterfly alias Butterfly guard uses both hooks inside the opponent's thighs to elevate and destabilise a kneeling passer. The underhook Submission grappling reference.
- Half Butterfly Guard Half butterfly guard in no-gi: one leg trapped in the half guard configuration while the free leg inserts a butterfly hook Submission grappling reference.
- Half butterfly hook kill alias Half butterfly pass — kill the butterfly hook, flatten the bottom player, and pass the hybrid half guard. How to defeat the half butterfly position…
- Half Butterfly Pass Half butterfly pass — kill the butterfly hook, flatten the bottom player, and pass the hybrid half guard. How to defeat the half butterfly position…
- Half guard alias Half guard — trapping one of the top player's legs. One side of the foot line conceded; underhook battle determines the outcome. Submission grappling…
- Half Guard — Bottom Half guard — trapping one of the top player's legs. One side of the foot line conceded; underhook battle determines the outcome. Submission grappling…
- Half guard back take alias Half scorpion back take — top player ducks and drives hips up to defend the sweep, exposing the back for the bottom player. Submission grappling reference.
- Half guard butterfly alias Half butterfly guard in no-gi: one leg trapped in the half guard configuration while the free leg inserts a butterfly hook Submission grappling reference.
- Half guard knee hook sweep alias Half scorpion sweep — near knee hook and underhook tip the top player to side control. Back take opens when top player ducks. Submission grappling…
- Half Guard Pass Half guard passing in no-gi — extracting a trapped leg from half guard. Flatten the bottom, win the whizzer-underhook fight, then branch to smash…
- Half guard passing alias Half guard passing in no-gi — extracting a trapped leg from half guard. Flatten the bottom, win the whizzer-underhook fight, then branch to smash…
- Half-guard shield break alias Knee shield break — neutralise the Z-guard / half-guard shield by crushing, stepping over, or pummelling under the blocking knee. Required for passing…
- Half-knee position alias Headquarters is the kneeling top position between passing and control — one knee up, one knee down beside the opponent's hip. Submission grappling…
- Half-mounted alias Quarter mount bottom — defending the 45-degree transitional mount before it consolidates to flat mount or converts to kimura. The defensive window is…
- Half-pass position alias Top half guard — underhook battle and flattening mechanics; passing options: back step, knee cut, and toreando. Submission grappling reference.
- Half-turned mount alias Technical mount bottom — defending the stepped-out mount. One foot posted beside the defender's hip, back take and arm triangle imminent; the defender is…
- Hammerlock The hammerlock folds the opponent's arm behind their back, attacking the shoulder via internal rotation and extension. Applied from side control and back…
- Hand-fight pass alias Seated guard engagement — first-contact actions that convert a live seated guard into a passable supine guard. Closing distance, hand-fighting, denying…
- Hantaisankaku alias Reverse triangle (hantaisankaku) — leg crosses the front of the neck from the opposite direction. Available from north-south. Submission grappling…
- Harai Goshi Harai Goshi — sweeping hip throw; full hip insertion with outer thigh/hip sweep. Companion to Uchi Mata; similar entries, different leg target…
- Harness Control Over-under back control — one arm over the shoulder (overhook), one arm under the armpit (underhook). Less immediate strangle Submission grappling…
- Harness defence alias Back escape from seatbelt — chin tuck, hook removal, hip turn, face the opponent. Three-step system with staged defence. Submission grappling reference.
- head and arm control alias Kata gatame from front headlock — chest pins near arm against neck; attacking arm over the neck completes the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- head and arm hip throw alias Koshi guruma — the hip wheel throw. A hip throw using a head and neck wrap rather than the underhook of standard hip throws.
- Head and arm pin bottom alias Kata gatame bottom — defending head-and-arm control. Top player's shoulder driven into the neck with the defender's near arm trapped against their own…
- Head and arm triangle (leg variant) alias Arm-in triangle — neck and one arm inside the triangle. The arm creates a barrier; tighter mechanics required for compression. Submission grappling…
- Head arm choke setup alias Gift wrap — the opponent's arm is taken from mount or side control and folded across their own face and neck. A one-arm control that opens back takes…
- Head crank alias The Can Opener is a cervical hyperflexion submission from inside the opponent's closed guard. Both hands grip the head and force it forward, loading the…
- Head down position alias Standing front headlock — after a snap down; guillotine, D’Arce, and back take entries before the opponent recovers. Submission grappling reference.
- Head snap alias The snap down pulls the opponent's head sharply downward from a collar tie or head control, forcing them to turtle or four-point. A foundational setup…
- Head tie alias The single collar tie — one hand on the back of the opponent's head — is the standard initial engagement position. It controls Submission grappling…
- Head-and-arm (standing) alias The standing front headlock: head-and-arm control from the upright position. The clinch-level position that precedes the ground Submission grappling…
- Head-and-arm choke alias Arm triangle (kata gatame) — near arm pressed against the opponent’s neck; attacking arm wraps to complete the blood choke. Submission grappling reference.
- Head-and-arm choke escape alias Arm triangle escape — hide the shoulder, turn into the attacker, step back the leg to prevent mount, fall off the far side. Head-and-arm choke defence…
- Head-and-arm hold alias Kata gatame from front headlock — chest pins near arm against neck; attacking arm over the neck completes the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Head-and-far-arm control alias Pinch headlock — underhook at the elbow with head pulled tight. Threatens sumi gaeshi, back take, and leg entanglement entries. Submission grappling…
- Head-to-foot position alias North-south is an underutilised control position where the top player is chest-to-chest with the opponent but facing the feet. Submission grappling…
- Head-to-head bottom alias North-south bottom — opponent facing the feet, weight on the chest. Kimura threat is immediate. Primary escape: bridge and hip. Submission grappling…
- Head-to-head escape alias North-south escape techniques — hip escape, Granby roll to deep half, arm drag counter, sit-up scramble. Early movement is key. Submission grappling…
- Headlock control alias Kesa gatame — hip-seated position securing head and near arm. Weight distribution and arm structure are the control mechanism. Submission grappling…
- Headlock Ride alias Turk — folkstyle control under the near arm and around the neck. Kimura is the primary submission; flattening is the objective. Submission grappling…
- Headlock-front-choke escape alias Bulldog choke escape — chin tuck denies both arms the insertion window; strip one arm to break bilateral compression; turn to one side to eliminate the…
- Headquarters (HQ) Headquarters is the kneeling top position between passing and control — one knee up, one knee down beside the opponent's hip. Submission grappling…
- Heel Hook Escape Heel hook escape — hide the heel, clear the knee line, mechanics for ashi, outside ashi, cross ashi. Tap at late-stage rotation. Submission grappling…
- Heist Sweep Heist sweep — from X-guard; hip-under entry and leg-lift finish disrupts the opponent’s base. Submission grappling reference.
- High closed guard alias High guard — closed guard variant with elevated hips and legs riding high. Primary platform for triangle and armbar entries. Submission grappling…
- High closed guard pass alias High guard pass — defeat the elevated closed guard with legs high on the back, strip the meathook arm control, and escape the triangle-omoplata-armbar…
- High Crotch High crotch — between single and double leg: head at hip level, arm under the crotch. Converts to double leg or spins to back. Submission grappling…
- High elbow choke alias High elbow guillotine — elbow points upward alongside the head. Different mechanical action; enables a seated guard finish. Submission grappling reference.
- High Elbow Guillotine High elbow guillotine — elbow points upward alongside the head. Different mechanical action; enables a seated guard finish. Submission grappling reference.
- High Elbow Guillotine Escape High elbow guillotine escape — chin tuck alone is not enough; shoulder-to-ear denies the carotid angle, clear the elbow to break the grip, step through…
- High Guard / Meathook High guard — closed guard variant with elevated hips and legs riding high. Primary platform for triangle and armbar entries. Submission grappling…
- High guard half alias Z-guard (knee shield) — elevated knee frame against the hip; underhook battle and exits to scorpion, butterfly, back takes. Submission grappling reference.
- High Guard Pass High guard pass — defeat the elevated closed guard with legs high on the back, strip the meathook arm control, and escape the triangle-omoplata-armbar…
- High mount escape alias S-mount escape — hide the elbow, stack the fall-back, hitchhiker escape, stuff-and-spin. Arm protection is the primary priority because the arm is…
- High single alias Single leg — penetration step to the outside of the near leg; shoulder drives through to complete the takedown. Submission grappling reference.
- High Step Pass High step pass — lifts the near foot high over the opponent's near leg and steps it to the far side, creating a sudden angle change that bypasses…
- High-C alias High crotch — between single and double leg: head at hip level, arm under the crotch. Converts to double leg or spins to back. Submission grappling…
- High-elbow arm-in alias Arm-in guillotine — near arm inside the choke; tighter vascular compression than the arm-out variant. Submission grappling reference.
- High-elbow front choke escape alias High elbow guillotine escape — chin tuck alone is not enough; shoulder-to-ear denies the carotid angle, clear the elbow to break the grip, step through…
- High-elbow guillotine alias Guillotine — primary vascular choke from the front headlock. High-elbow finish from guard and standing. Submission grappling reference.
- Hip Bump Sweep Hip bump sweep — sit-up, wrist control, and hip explosion from closed guard. Creates immediate sweep or kimura entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Hip dump sweep alias Half lower leg sweep — from Z-guard or half guard, near-knee hook and underhook sweep. Ducking to defend opens the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Hip escape sweep alias The pendulum sweep from closed guard: trapping the arm and driving the leg to rotate the passer. The fundamental closed guard Submission grappling…
- Hip lock alias The Z-lock is a hip submission — the only submission in the lower limb system that targets the hip joint rather than the knee Submission grappling…
- Hip Ride alias Shelf — leg ride variant with the near leg lifted across the top player’s thigh, exposing the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Hip slicer alias The Z-lock is a hip submission — the only submission in the lower limb system that targets the hip joint rather than the knee Submission grappling…
- Hip sprawl alias Sprawl — defensive hip-weight transfer against single- and double-leg shots. Entry to the front headlock family. Leads to ground control, guillotine…
- Hip stretch from deep half alias Electric chair — from deep half, far leg captured and extended to stretch the inner thigh. Categorised in the kimura system. Submission grappling…
- Hip throw alias Hip throw — attacker turns in, places hip inside the opponent's, loads them over the fulcrum. O-goshi, Mune-nage, and variants. Submission grappling…
- Hip Throw Family Hip throw — attacker turns in, places hip inside the opponent's, loads them over the fulcrum. O-goshi, Mune-nage, and variants. Submission grappling…
- Hip throw from guard alias Hip bump sweep — sit-up, wrist control, and hip explosion from closed guard. Creates immediate sweep or kimura entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Hip under sweep alias Heist sweep — from X-guard; hip-under entry and leg-lift finish disrupts the opponent’s base. Submission grappling reference.
- hip wheel alias Koshi guruma — the hip wheel throw. A hip throw using a head and neck wrap rather than the underhook of standard hip throws.
- Hip-out side control alias Kesa gatame — hip-seated position securing head and near arm. Weight distribution and arm structure are the control mechanism. Submission grappling…
- Hip-to-hip pass alias Leg drag pass — one leg controlled and dragged across the body to create a passing angle. Primary pass from open guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Hips-back defence alias Sprawl — defensive hip-weight transfer against single- and double-leg shots. Entry to the front headlock family. Leads to ground control, guillotine…
- Hiza juji gatame escape alias Kneebar escape — bend the knee, hip in toward the attacker, stack and step over, roll with the extension. Elevated-risk leg lock defence. Submission…
- Homer Simpson Sweep Homer Simpson sweep — hooks the bottom player's near leg behind the standing opponent's far leg while the hand pulls the near leg forward, sweeping the…
- Homer Simpson sweep alias The deep half sweep in no-gi: from deep half guard, secure the hip underhook and roll the opponent over the top to mount. The Submission grappling…
- Honey Hole alias Cross ashi garami — inside heel hook position: saddle, inside sankaku, honey hole. Hardest to escape; shortest injury timeline. Submission grappling…
- Honey Hole Finish alias The inside heel hook — primary submission from cross ashi and the saddle. Internal rotation loads the ACL and medial knee, the highest-finish leg lock in no-gi.
- Hook removal alias De La Riva hook break — kill the hook by killing the foot-on-hip frame, defeat the sleeve/ankle grip, step back to clear the hook. Prerequisite for…
- Hook sweep alias Butterfly hook sweep — underhook controls direction, hook elevates and tips the top player. Foundation of the butterfly system. Submission grappling…
- Hook sweep (sacrifice variant) alias Butterfly sumi — sacrifice throw from butterfly guard: backward fall, hook lift, chest connection. Weight drives the reversal. Submission grappling…
- Hook-to-thread conversion alias Butterfly ashi — butterfly hook becomes ashi garami when top player steps in. Entry to the leg entanglement cluster. Submission grappling reference.
- Hooking guard alias De la Riva guard in no-gi: the DLR hook and shin grip as an entry platform to leg entanglements, tripod sweeps, and back takes. Submission grappling…
- HQ alias Headquarters is the kneeling top position between passing and control — one knee up, one knee down beside the opponent's hip. Submission grappling…
- Hybrid half guard pass alias Half butterfly pass — kill the butterfly hook, flatten the bottom player, and pass the hybrid half guard. How to defeat the half butterfly position…
I
34- IHH alias The inside heel hook — primary submission from cross ashi and the saddle. Internal rotation loads the ACL and medial knee, the highest-finish leg lock in no-gi.
- Imanari entry alias Imanari roll — inverted standing-to-ground entry threading directly to ashi garami or cross ashi garami. Submission grappling reference.
- Imanari Roll Imanari roll — inverted standing-to-ground entry threading directly to ashi garami or cross ashi garami. Submission grappling reference.
- Inner Heel Hook alias The inside heel hook — primary submission from cross ashi and the saddle. Internal rotation loads the ACL and medial knee, the highest-finish leg lock in no-gi.
- Inner leg trip alias The inside trip hooks the opponent's near leg from inside with the practitioner's near leg and trips or sweeps it outward, while upper body pressure…
- Inner reap alias Kouchi gari — inner reap hooking inside the near ankle, reaping backward. Weight must be on the reaped leg at contact. Submission grappling reference.
- Inner thigh reap alias Uchi mata — inner thigh reap throw. One of the highest-percentage judo throws, increasingly dominant in elite no-gi competition. Submission grappling…
- Inner thigh throw alias Uchi mata — inner thigh reap throw. One of the highest-percentage judo throws, increasingly dominant in elite no-gi competition. Submission grappling…
- Inside control alias Double underhooks give the most hip control of any clinch position — both arms under the opponent's, both hips accessible. The Submission grappling…
- Inside Heel Hook The inside heel hook — primary submission from cross ashi and the saddle. Internal rotation loads the ACL and medial knee, the highest-finish leg lock in no-gi.
- Inside heel hook escape alias Heel hook escape — hide the heel, clear the knee line, mechanics for ashi, outside ashi, cross ashi. Tap at late-stage rotation. Submission grappling…
- Inside heel hook variant alias The Woj lock is a heel hook variant that prioritises rotational torque through a specific grip and hip extension combination. Submission grappling…
- Inside Heelhook Position alias Cross ashi garami — inside heel hook position: saddle, inside sankaku, honey hole. Hardest to escape; shortest injury timeline. Submission grappling…
- Inside Hook alias The inside heel hook — primary submission from cross ashi and the saddle. Internal rotation loads the ACL and medial knee, the highest-finish leg lock in no-gi.
- Inside leg alias High crotch — between single and double leg: head at hip level, arm under the crotch. Converts to double leg or spins to back. Submission grappling…
- Inside Leg Hook alias The leg ride — the foundational riding control in folkstyle wrestling, threading one leg over the opponent's thigh to break them down and open the back.
- Inside Leg Thread alias Twister hook — one leg threaded between the opponent's legs to limit spinal rotation. Entry to the truck position. Submission grappling reference.
- Inside reap alias The reap — seated guard entry threading inside leg across. Creates ashi, outside ashi, or cross ashi depending on the response. Submission grappling…
- Inside roll alias Rolls and reversals — Granby roll, inside arm roll, outside arm roll. Guard recovery mechanics from turtle and bottom positions. Submission grappling…
- Inside Sankaku Inside sankaku in no-gi: the triangled upgrade of cross ashi (the saddle) — a figure-four around the near leg with the top leg crossing past the far leg. The most locked-down inside heel hook position
- Inside senkaku alias Inside sankaku in no-gi: the triangled upgrade of cross ashi (the saddle) — a figure-four around the near leg with the top leg crossing past the far leg. The most locked-down inside heel hook position
- Inside Trip The inside trip hooks the opponent's near leg from inside with the practitioner's near leg and trips or sweeps it outward, while upper body pressure…
- Inside trip alias Kouchi gari — inner reap hooking inside the near ankle, reaping backward. Weight must be on the reaped leg at contact. Submission grappling reference.
- Inversion alias Berimbolo — inverted rolling from De la Riva, RDLR, 50/50, seated guard. Exits to back control, crab ride, leg entanglements. Submission grappling…
- Inverted Armbar Inverted armbar — attacks the elbow in supination with the arm rotated so the elbow faces upward; the attacker's chest or shoulder is the fulcrum…
- Inverted Guard Inverted guard — the guard player's hips are elevated above the head, back toward the mat, feet pointing at the opponent's head. Primary entry to…
- Inverted Guard Pass Inverted guard pass — deny the inversion, collapse the hips, and pass the transitional hub that feeds berimbolo and leg entanglement entries. Submission…
- Inverted guard smash alias Inverted guard pass — deny the inversion, collapse the hips, and pass the transitional hub that feeds berimbolo and leg entanglement entries. Submission…
- Inverted Heel Hook alias The inside heel hook — primary submission from cross ashi and the saddle. Internal rotation loads the ACL and medial knee, the highest-finish leg lock in no-gi.
- Inverted heel hook variant alias Junny lock — inside heel hook variant using a wrist and forearm wrap that creates a different lever geometry on the knee. Applied from ashi garami and…
- Inverted X Entanglement alias Reverse X is the inverted X-guard variant that creates direct cross ashi entries and back takes. The leg configuration exposes Submission grappling…
- Iowa Ride The Iowa ride combines a tight waist with near arm or leg control for sustained top pressure. The signature finish is the tight waist tilt — rotating…
- Ippon Seoi Nage Ippon Seoi Nage — single shoulder throw; drop variant most used in no-gi competition. Arm over shoulder, hip and back rotation. Submission grappling…
- Irimi Ashi Sweep The irimi ashi sweep: stepping into the opponent's space while controlling a leg to unbalance and force the sweep. A Submission grappling reference.
J
7- Japanese Necktie The Japanese Necktie is a combined neck crank and compression choke from a turtle-top front headlock. The attacker's forearm compresses the throat while…
- Japanese Necktie Escape Japanese necktie escape — deny the figure-four by pinning the near arm, posture the neck before grip locks, roll into the attacker to unload the crank…
- Juji gatame alias Armbar — elbow hyperextension with hip as fulcrum, arm isolated from body. Connects to triangle and kimura via chain attacks. Submission grappling…
- Juji gatame escape alias Armbar escape — grip fight, stack, elbow pummel, leg trap, hitchhiker. The hitchhiker is the canonical no-gi armbar escape. Submission grappling reference.
- Jumping armbar alias Flying armbar — standing-to-submission attack; jumping directly to an armbar lock. The highest-risk standing entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Jumping triangle alias Flying triangle — jumping from standing to lock a triangle choke. Elevated risk; precise timing required. Submission grappling reference.
- Junny Lock Junny lock — inside heel hook variant using a wrist and forearm wrap that creates a different lever geometry on the knee. Applied from ashi garami and…
K
69- k guard position alias K-Guard is a specific guard configuration designed as a direct inside heel hook entry system. The leg arrangement naturally exposes the inside heel for…
- k position alias K-Guard is a specific guard configuration designed as a direct inside heel hook entry system. The leg arrangement naturally exposes the inside heel for…
- K-Guard K-Guard is a specific guard configuration designed as a direct inside heel hook entry system. The leg arrangement naturally exposes the inside heel for…
- K-Guard (Entanglement Context) K-Guard in the entanglement context — when the K-guard configuration transitions from a guard position to a confirmed leg Submission grappling reference.
- K-Guard LE alias K-Guard in the entanglement context — when the K-guard configuration transitions from a guard position to a confirmed leg Submission grappling reference.
- Kami shiho gatame escape alias North-south escape techniques — hip escape, Granby roll to deep half, arm drag counter, sit-up scramble. Early movement is key. Submission grappling…
- Kani Basami Kani Basami — scissors takedown. Sacrifice technique with elevated knee injury risk. Elite-level timing and angle requirement. Heavily…
- Kani basami (wrestling analogue — distinct but related) alias The scissor sweep in no-gi: shin-across-the-thigh and heel-hook-behind-the-knee mechanics as a fundamental weight-unloading Submission grappling reference.
- Kata Gatame Kata gatame from front headlock — chest pins near arm against neck; attacking arm over the neck completes the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Kata Gatame Kata gatame — head-and-arm control for the arm triangle. Shoulder into neck, arm trapped; creates bilateral carotid compression. Submission grappling…
- Kata gatame alias Arm triangle (kata gatame) — near arm pressed against the opponent’s neck; attacking arm wraps to complete the blood choke. Submission grappling reference.
- Kata Gatame — Bottom Kata gatame bottom — defending head-and-arm control. Top player's shoulder driven into the neck with the defender's near arm trapped against their own…
- Kata gatame escape alias Arm triangle escape — hide the shoulder, turn into the attacker, step back the leg to prevent mount, fall off the far side. Head-and-arm choke defence…
- Kata guruma alias Fireman's carry — drops under the arm and through the legs to load the opponent across the shoulders. Shoulder is the fulcrum. Submission grappling…
- Kesa alias Kesa gatame — hip-seated position securing head and near arm. Weight distribution and arm structure are the control mechanism. Submission grappling…
- Kesa escape alias Kesa gatame escape — posting frame, bridge and roll reversal, granby exit, pummelling to recover the trapped arm, hip-out to half guard. Written from the…
- Kesa Gatame Kesa gatame — hip-seated position securing head and near arm. Weight distribution and arm structure are the control mechanism. Submission grappling…
- Kesa Gatame — Bottom Kesa gatame bottom — defending the scarf hold. Top player seated perpendicular with head-and-arm control; near arm trapped under the top player's armpit…
- Kesa Gatame Escape Techniques Kesa gatame escape — posting frame, bridge and roll reversal, granby exit, pummelling to recover the trapped arm, hip-out to half guard. Written from the…
- Keylock alias Americana — figure-four to the mat in external rotation. Inverse of the kimura. Primary submission from mount. Submission grappling reference.
- Killing the hooks alias Butterfly hook break — kill the hook elevation, fold the knees down, pin a thigh to engage passing. Prerequisite for body-lock, knee-cut, and smash…
- Kimura Kimura — figure-four shoulder lock in internal rotation and extension. The submission finish of the system; powers back takes. Submission grappling…
- Kimura Control Kimura control — figure-four grip used positionally. From this grip: back take, turtle control, mount, or submission chain. Submission grappling reference.
- Kimura control alias Kimura trap — figure-four grip as a dilemma. Keeping position while defending is impossible; each defence opens a new attack. Submission grappling…
- Kimura Escape Kimura escape — elbow to body, thigh grip, walk the wall, kimura counter roll. Early connection prevents arm isolation. Submission grappling reference.
- Kimura lock alias Kimura trap — figure-four grip as a dilemma. Keeping position while defending is impossible; each defence opens a new attack. Submission grappling…
- Kimura Trap Kimura trap — figure-four grip as a dilemma. Keeping position while defending is impossible; each defence opens a new attack. Submission grappling…
- Kimura trap alias Kimura control — figure-four grip used positionally. From this grip: back take, turtle control, mount, or submission chain. Submission grappling reference.
- Kimura trap system alias Kimura trap — figure-four grip as a dilemma. Keeping position while defending is impossible; each defence opens a new attack. Submission grappling…
- Kimura-style shoulder crank alias Choi Bar — shoulder rotation submission; arm pulled across the body while the shoulder is externally rotated. From side control. Submission grappling…
- Kiss of the Dragon Kiss of the Dragon — Granby roll under the opponent from turtle bottom to expose the back. Direct back take entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Kiss of the Dragon back take alias Kiss of the Dragon — Granby roll under the opponent from turtle bottom to expose the back. Direct back take entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee bar alias Kneebar — hyperextends the knee by trapping the foot and driving the hip into the back of the knee. Legal in ADCC and EBI. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee buckle alias The knee tap taps the opponent's near knee inward from a single leg grip or clinch, buckling the knee and dropping the opponent to the mat. Effective vs…
- Knee cut alias The knee cut pass in no-gi: driving the knee across the bottom player's thigh to clear the guard and establish side control. Submission grappling…
- Knee Cut Pass The knee cut pass in no-gi: driving the knee across the bottom player's thigh to clear the guard and establish side control. Submission grappling…
- Knee mount escape alias Named escape techniques from knee on belly — ankle grip and hip escape, underhook escape, knee shield push, and roll under. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee on Belly — Bottom Knee on belly bottom — top knee into the abdomen. Instinctive push opens the armbar. Two-hand removal is the correct response. Submission grappling…
- Knee on Belly — Top Knee on belly — knee into the torso; reactions are exploited. Pushing opens the armbar; reaching opens the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee on Belly Escape Techniques Named escape techniques from knee on belly — ankle grip and hip escape, underhook escape, knee shield push, and roll under. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee on stomach alias Knee on belly — knee into the torso; reactions are exploited. Pushing opens the armbar; reaching opens the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee ride alias Knee on belly — knee into the torso; reactions are exploited. Pushing opens the armbar; reaching opens the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee ride escape alias Named escape techniques from knee on belly — ankle grip and hip escape, underhook escape, knee shield push, and roll under. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee Shield Break Knee shield break — neutralise the Z-guard / half-guard shield by crushing, stepping over, or pummelling under the blocking knee. Required for passing…
- Knee shield drag alias The Rau drag in no-gi: Jason Rau's arm-drag-style pass for the knee shield and the stalled knee cut — drag the framing arm across to break the frame and clear to the back or side.
- Knee shield half guard alias Z-guard (knee shield) — elevated knee frame against the hip; underhook battle and exits to scorpion, butterfly, back takes. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee shield neutralisation alias Knee shield break — neutralise the Z-guard / half-guard shield by crushing, stepping over, or pummelling under the blocking knee. Required for passing…
- Knee shield smash alias Smash pass — stack and flatten the guard player’s legs; drive through the knee shield with shoulder pressure to complete. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee shield sweep alias Half lower leg sweep — from Z-guard or half guard, near-knee hook and underhook sweep. Ducking to defend opens the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Knee slice alias The knee cut pass in no-gi: driving the knee across the bottom player's thigh to clear the guard and establish side control. Submission grappling…
- Knee Tap The knee tap taps the opponent's near knee inward from a single leg grip or clinch, buckling the knee and dropping the opponent to the mat. Effective vs…
- Knee-on-Knee alias Shin-on-shin is a fundamental seated guard entry position — the connecting configuration between seated guard and single leg X Submission grappling…
- Knee-on-stomach escape alias Named escape techniques from knee on belly — ankle grip and hip escape, underhook escape, knee shield push, and roll under. Submission grappling reference.
- Kneebar Kneebar — hyperextends the knee by trapping the foot and driving the hip into the back of the knee. Legal in ADCC and EBI. Submission grappling reference.
- Kneebar Escape Kneebar escape — bend the knee, hip in toward the attacker, stack and step over, roll with the extension. Elevated-risk leg lock defence. Submission…
- Kneeling pass position alias Headquarters is the kneeling top position between passing and control — one knee up, one knee down beside the opponent's hip. Submission grappling…
- ko soto gari alias Kosoto gari is a judo foot throw in which the attacker reaps the opponent's far leg from outside while driving their weight forward.
- ko uchi gari alias Kouchi gari — inner reap hooking inside the near ankle, reaping backward. Weight must be on the reaped leg at contact. Submission grappling reference.
- ko uchi makikomi alias Kouchi makikomi — the wrapping variant of kouchi gari.
- KOB escape alias Named escape techniques from knee on belly — ankle grip and hip escape, underhook escape, knee shield push, and roll under. Submission grappling reference.
- Koshi Guruma Koshi guruma — the hip wheel throw. A hip throw using a head and neck wrap rather than the underhook of standard hip throws.
- Kosoto from octopus alias Kosoto gake (small outside reap) from octopus guard: using the body-lock and leg connection to reap the far ankle while pulling Submission grappling…
- kosoto from octopus guard alias Kosoto gake (small outside reap) from octopus guard: using the body-lock and leg connection to reap the far ankle while pulling Submission grappling…
- Kosoto Gari Kosoto gari is a judo foot throw in which the attacker reaps the opponent's far leg from outside while driving their weight forward.
- Kote gaeshi alias Wristlock — radiocarpal joint attack via hyperextension or deviation. Shorter injury window; restricted in beginner contexts. Submission grappling…
- Kouchi alias Kouchi gari — inner reap hooking inside the near ankle, reaping backward. Weight must be on the reaped leg at contact. Submission grappling reference.
- Kouchi Gari Kouchi gari — inner reap hooking inside the near ankle, reaping backward. Weight must be on the reaped leg at contact. Submission grappling reference.
- Kouchi Makikomi Kouchi makikomi — the wrapping variant of kouchi gari.
- kouchi wrap alias Kouchi makikomi — the wrapping variant of kouchi gari.
L
56- Lachlan Guard alias K-Guard in the entanglement context — when the K-guard configuration transitions from a guard position to a confirmed leg Submission grappling reference.
- large inner reap alias Ouchi gari — the major inner reaping throw. Drive the opponent's upper body forward and sweep the near (inner) leg from between their stance.
- large outer reap alias Osoto gari is the major outer reaping throw — the attacker drives the opponent's upper body back and sweeps their posting leg with a large reaping motion.
- Lateral Drop The lateral drop drops the practitioner to the side while pulling the opponent's upper body across, throwing them over the dropping body. Applied from…
- Lateral Knee Bar Lateral knee bar — kneebar applied from back exposure or leg ride positions, where the attacker is positioned behind the opponent's leg. Mechanically…
- lateral kneebar alias Lateral knee bar — kneebar applied from back exposure or leg ride positions, where the attacker is positioned behind the opponent's leg. Mechanically…
- Lateral scissor sweep alias The side scissors sweep from closed guard: hip-escaping laterally to attack a perpendicular angle and sweep the passer with crossed-leg pressure.
- Lateral triangle alias Side triangle — triangle from a lateral position. Hip drive is lateral. Available from side control and north-south. Submission grappling reference.
- Leg bar alias Kneebar — hyperextends the knee by trapping the foot and driving the hip into the back of the knee. Legal in ADCC and EBI. Submission grappling reference.
- Leg Control alias The leg ride — the foundational riding control in folkstyle wrestling, threading one leg over the opponent's thigh to break them down and open the back.
- Leg drag control alias Leg drag position — the held state between completing the leg drag and achieving side control, where the top player controls the legs but has not yet…
- Leg Drag Pass Leg drag pass — one leg controlled and dragged across the body to create a passing angle. Primary pass from open guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Leg Drag Position Leg drag position — the held state between completing the leg drag and achieving side control, where the top player controls the legs but has not yet…
- Leg Knot alias Game Over (Z-lock, Leg Knot) — an entanglement in which the attacker controls both of the opponent's legs in a crossed configuration. Immediate heel hook…
- Leg Lace alias Single Leg X in the guard context — where ashi garami is established as a guard configuration before the entanglement is Submission grappling reference.
- Leg lace back position alias Waiter position — deep half guard variant; far leg underhook creates sweep leverage and back take entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Leg lace half guard alias Scorpion — half guard variant with trapping foot outside the top player's knee. Opens waiter sweep and back take. Submission grappling reference.
- Leg lock pass alias The body lock pass in no-gi: wrapping both legs to eliminate hooks and drive through the guard. The primary answer to butterfly Submission grappling…
- Leg pull pass alias Leg drag pass — one leg controlled and dragged across the body to create a passing angle. Primary pass from open guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Leg reap entry alias The reap — seated guard entry threading inside leg across. Creates ashi, outside ashi, or cross ashi depending on the response. Submission grappling…
- Leg reap sweep alias The irimi ashi sweep: stepping into the opponent's space while controlling a leg to unbalance and force the sweep. A Submission grappling reference.
- Leg Ride The leg ride — the foundational riding control in folkstyle wrestling, threading one leg over the opponent's thigh to break them down and open the back.
- Leg scissors takedown alias Kani Basami — scissors takedown. Sacrifice technique with elevated knee injury risk. Elite-level timing and angle requirement. Heavily…
- Leg Shelf alias Shelf — leg ride variant with the near leg lifted across the top player’s thigh, exposing the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Leg straightener escape alias Kneebar escape — bend the knee, hip in toward the attacker, stack and step over, roll with the extension. Elevated-risk leg lock defence. Submission…
- Leg trap arm control alias Crucifix — near arm trapped between top player legs, far arm separately controlled. Both arms isolated; opponent cannot defend. Submission grappling…
- Leg trap back alias Straitjacket back control in no-gi: the opponent's near arm is trapped between the attacker's legs while back control is Submission grappling reference.
- Leg triangle alias Triangle — bilateral carotid compression from guard. Opponent's inside arm presses against their neck to close half the choke. Submission grappling…
- Leg triangle (body) alias Body triangle — figure-four legs around the torso from back control. Removes the bridge, loads the ribs, compounds the strangle. Submission grappling…
- Leg triangle escape alias Triangle escape — posture, hide the arm, spin before the lock, double under, tilt, stack and walk. Early defence is essential. Submission grappling…
- Leg triangle omoplata alias Tarikoplata — shoulder lock using a leg triangle over the arm from guard. Leg-based rotation loads the shoulder joint. Submission grappling reference.
- Leg weave alias The leg weave pass threads the top player's arm between the opponent's legs to control the near leg from inside, creating a passing platform that limits…
- Leg Weave Pass The leg weave pass threads the top player's arm between the opponent's legs to control the near leg from inside, creating a passing platform that limits…
- Leg-assisted necktie escape alias Mexican necktie escape — keep a flat back to deny the leg hook, stand from turtle before the leg lands, drag the hooking foot off the back, and strip the…
- Leg-behind-neck guard alias Rubber guard — leg-behind-neck guard pinning posture and freeing both hands. Platform for omoplata, gogoplata, and triangle. Submission grappling…
- Leg-over choke alias The buggy choke in no-gi: a self-defence roll executed from bottom mount or bottom side control that threads the attacker's own Submission grappling…
- Leg-side control alias Reverse kesa gatame — kesa rotated 180 degrees, top player facing the feet. Near arm and leg controlled from the reverse side. Submission grappling…
- Leg-side pin bottom alias Reverse kesa gatame bottom — defending the reverse scarf hold. Top player hip-seated facing the defender's feet; primary threat is the near-arm kimura…
- Lockdown Lockdown — half guard with the top leg in a figure-four. Controls mobility; foundation of dogfight and electric chair. Submission grappling reference.
- Lockdown counter alias Lockdown pass — defeat the figure-four calf hook, recover the trapped leg, and pass the half guard. How to escape and pass the lockdown position…
- Lockdown escape alias Lockdown pass — defeat the figure-four calf hook, recover the trapped leg, and pass the half guard. How to escape and pass the lockdown position…
- Lockdown half guard alias Lockdown — half guard with the top leg in a figure-four. Controls mobility; foundation of dogfight and electric chair. Submission grappling reference.
- Lockdown Pass Lockdown pass — defeat the figure-four calf hook, recover the trapped leg, and pass the half guard. How to escape and pass the lockdown position…
- Lockdown sweep alias Electric chair sweep — extends the top player's far leg outward from the lockdown in half guard, levering them over their own trapped leg. Distinct from…
- Locoplata The locoplata is a gogoplata-family submission from inverted guard, using the shin across the opponent's face or jaw while controlling the arm. Distinct…
- Log splitter alias Standing closed guard break — the primary method of opening a closed guard in no-gi. Post on the hips, stand with one knee up, and drop weight through…
- Long guard alias Seated guard is the foundational open guard — feet active between the passer's knees, head up, hands ready to frame or attack. Submission grappling…
- Long sit alias Seated guard is the foundational open guard — feet active between the passer's knees, head up, hands ready to frame or attack. Submission grappling…
- Long Step Pass Long step pass — outside leg steps wide around the guard player’s legs; hips follow to complete the pass. Submission grappling reference.
- Low guard break alias Kneeling closed guard break — open the closed guard without standing. Sit back onto heels, wedge elbow to far knee, push outward while keeping posture…
- Low single alias Single leg — penetration step to the outside of the near leg; shoulder drives through to complete the takedown. Submission grappling reference.
- Lower leg shift alias Scorpion — half guard variant with trapping foot outside the top player's knee. Opens waiter sweep and back take. Submission grappling reference.
- Lower leg shift pass alias Scorpion pass — defeat the outside knee hook, deny the hip extension sweep, and pass the lower-leg-shift half guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Lower Leg Shift Sweep Half lower leg sweep — from Z-guard or half guard, near-knee hook and underhook sweep. Ducking to defend opens the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Lower leg sweep alias Half lower leg sweep — from Z-guard or half guard, near-knee hook and underhook sweep. Ducking to defend opens the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Lumberjack Sweep The lumberjack sweep grabs the top player's far ankle from half guard or seated guard while creating a lateral tipping force, sweeping the top player…
M
37- Mae hadaka jime escape alias Guillotine escape — posture, side step pass, chin tuck, roll through, arm-in escape. Side step pass is the canonical escape. Submission grappling…
- major inner reap alias Ouchi gari — the major inner reaping throw. Drive the opponent's upper body forward and sweep the near (inner) leg from between their stance.
- major outer reap alias Osoto gari is the major outer reaping throw — the attacker drives the opponent's upper body back and sweeps their posting leg with a large reaping motion.
- Mão de vaca alias Wristlock — radiocarpal joint attack via hyperextension or deviation. Shorter injury window; restricted in beginner contexts. Submission grappling…
- Marcelo choke escape alias North-south choke escape — deny the far-arm thread, prevent chest-to-face contact, chin tuck against the scoop, bridge and turn before the rotation…
- Marceloplata alias The monoplata uses a single-leg triangular configuration to attack the shoulder — one leg controls the far arm, the other creates rotation force. Related…
- Marcelotine alias Arm-in guillotine — near arm inside the choke; tighter vascular compression than the arm-out variant. Submission grappling reference.
- Marcelotine escape alias High elbow guillotine escape — chin tuck alone is not enough; shoulder-to-ear denies the carotid angle, clear the elbow to break the grip, step through…
- Mat return choke alias Guillotine — primary vascular choke from the front headlock. High-elbow finish from guard and standing. Submission grappling reference.
- Mata Leão alias The primary submission from back control. Bilateral carotid compression applied from the seatbelt or body triangle. The most Submission grappling…
- Mata leão escape alias Rear naked choke escape — chin tuck, grip fight, seat drop, strong-side turn, Peterson roll. Prevention is the primary defence. Submission grappling…
- Matador pass alias The toreando (bullfighter) pass in no-gi: controlling both shins and redirecting the legs to pass around to the side. The Submission grappling reference.
- Meathook escape alias Williams guard pass — strip the head control overhook, recover posture, and defeat the arm triangle and back take platform. Submission grappling reference.
- Meathook guard alias High guard — closed guard variant with elevated hips and legs riding high. Primary platform for triangle and armbar entries. Submission grappling…
- Meathook guard escape alias High guard pass — defeat the elevated closed guard with legs high on the back, strip the meathook arm control, and escape the triangle-omoplata-armbar…
- Mexican Necktie The Mexican Necktie augments a front headlock choke with one leg hooked over the opponent's back — leg extension tightens the choke and prevents…
- Mexican Necktie Escape Mexican necktie escape — keep a flat back to deny the leg hook, stand from turtle before the leg lands, drag the hooking foot off the back, and strip the…
- Mikey Lock Mikey lock — calf compression applied from cross ashi / saddle, transitioning from inside heel hook attempts. Same mechanical target as the calf slicer…
- minor inner reap alias Kouchi gari — inner reap hooking inside the near ankle, reaping backward. Weight must be on the reaped leg at contact. Submission grappling reference.
- minor outer reap alias Kosoto gari is a judo foot throw in which the attacker reaps the opponent's far leg from outside while driving their weight forward.
- Mir Lock Mir Lock — straight arm shoulder and elbow submission; arm extended then cranked to load both the elbow and shoulder. Submission grappling reference.
- Mission control alias Rubber guard — leg-behind-neck guard pinning posture and freeing both hands. Platform for omoplata, gogoplata, and triangle. Submission grappling…
- Modified 50/50 alias Backside 50/50 — asymmetric 50/50 where one player has back exposure advantage; primary submission is the outside heel hook. Submission grappling…
- Modified inside heel hook alias Junny lock — inside heel hook variant using a wrist and forearm wrap that creates a different lever geometry on the knee. Applied from ashi garami and…
- Monoplata The monoplata uses a single-leg triangular configuration to attack the shoulder — one leg controls the far arm, the other creates rotation force. Related…
- Mount — Bottom Mount bottom — defending full mount, the highest-danger pin. Top player across the hips; preventing high mount is the priority. Submission grappling…
- Mount — Top The mount is the highest-percentage finishing position in top grappling. The top player sits on the opponent's torso Submission grappling reference.
- Mount Escape Techniques Mount escape — trap and roll, elbow-knee, ghost, kipping, foot drag, bridge to turtle. Written from the defender's perspective. Submission grappling…
- mount position alias The mount is the highest-percentage finishing position in top grappling. The top player sits on the opponent's torso Submission grappling reference.
- mounted position alias The mount is the highest-percentage finishing position in top grappling. The top player sits on the opponent's torso Submission grappling reference.
- Mounted sankaku jime escape alias Mounted triangle escape — prevent the S-mount arm isolation, block the leg crossing the neck, stack-and-drive the trapped arm out, posture up through the…
- Mounted shin choke defence alias Domplata bottom — defending the shin-to-throat compression from mount with one arm trapped. Defence is pre-emptive (deny the arm isolation) or immediate…
- Mounted Triangle Mounted triangle — triangle choke from mount. Legs encircle neck and one arm from above; bilateral carotid compression from top. Submission grappling…
- Mounted Triangle Escape Mounted triangle escape — prevent the S-mount arm isolation, block the leg crossing the neck, stack-and-drive the trapped arm out, posture up through the…
- Muay Thai plum alias The double collar tie — both hands on the back of the opponent's neck — creates the clinch snap and the hip throw entry. The Submission grappling…
- Mutual Ashi Garami Mutual ashi — also called criss-cross ashi — is the position where both players are in overlapping single-leg entanglements. Submission grappling…
- Mutual Entanglement alias The 50/50 is the symmetric leg entanglement — both players have equal structural access to each other's heel. Understanding Submission grappling reference.
N
23- Near Ankle Ride The near ankle ride grips the bottom player's near ankle from turtle top, controlling the near leg to prevent standup and enable tilts and turns. A…
- Near Arm Wrap alias Turk — folkstyle control under the near arm and around the neck. Kimura is the primary submission; flattening is the objective. Submission grappling…
- Near-side underhook alias Underhook half guard — offensive half guard with the underhook on the shoulder. Base for dogfight, lockdown, and sweeps. Submission grappling reference.
- Neck control (ground) alias Front headlock ground control — cervical spine control that leads the body. Primary platform for guillotine, D’Arce, anaconda. Submission grappling…
- Neck crank alias The Can Opener is a cervical hyperflexion submission from inside the opponent's closed guard. Both hands grip the head and force it forward, loading the…
- Neck tie alias The single collar tie — one hand on the back of the opponent's head — is the standard initial engagement position. It controls Submission grappling…
- Neck-and-armpit choke escape alias Japanese necktie escape — deny the figure-four by pinning the near arm, posture the neck before grip locks, roll into the attacker to unload the crank…
- Neutral kneeling half guard alias The dogfight is the neutral kneeling scramble that arises from half guard when both players are fighting for the underhook. Submission grappling reference.
- Neutral position alias Standing — the default start of all grappling exchanges. Stance, base, and distance management determine what is available. Submission grappling reference.
- Ninja choke alias Ninja choke — no-gi guillotine-D'Arce hybrid. No arms inside; figure-four RNC-style grip. Counter to single leg and defended guillotine. Submission…
- Ninja Choke (No-Gi) Ninja choke — no-gi guillotine-D'Arce hybrid. No arms inside; figure-four RNC-style grip. Counter to single leg and defended guillotine. Submission…
- Ninja Choke Escape Ninja choke escape — chin tuck denies forearm insertion; prevent figure-four closure during the hook phase; posture and step through in guard; level…
- No-arm darce escape alias D’Arce and anaconda escape — clear the arm early, tight turtle, roll to back take counter, arm drag counter, stack and post. Submission grappling…
- No-gi berimbolo alias The RDLR back take in no-gi: from reverse de la riva, invert through the space under the opponent's hips and take the back. The Submission grappling…
- No-gi brabo alias The D'arce choke: arm-in triangle applied from the front headlock when the near arm is posted. The choking arm threads under Submission grappling…
- No-gi ninja choke alias Ninja choke — no-gi guillotine-D'Arce hybrid. No arms inside; figure-four RNC-style grip. Counter to single leg and defended guillotine. Submission…
- North-South — Bottom North-south bottom — opponent facing the feet, weight on the chest. Kimura threat is immediate. Primary escape: bridge and hip. Submission grappling…
- North-South — Top North-south is an underutilised control position where the top player is chest-to-chest with the opponent but facing the feet. Submission grappling…
- North-South Choke North-south choke — arm wraps around the far side of the neck under the opponent’s arm; applied from north-south top position. Submission grappling…
- North-South Choke Escape North-south choke escape — deny the far-arm thread, prevent chest-to-face contact, chin tuck against the scoop, bridge and turn before the rotation…
- North-South Escape Techniques North-south escape techniques — hip escape, Granby roll to deep half, arm drag counter, sit-up scramble. Early movement is key. Submission grappling…
- Not the Tarikoplata alias Baratoplata — shoulder lock from omoplata-family positions; the shin or forearm lever rotates the shoulder against its range. Submission grappling…
- NS choke alias North-south choke — arm wraps around the far side of the neck under the opponent’s arm; applied from north-south top position. Submission grappling…
O
70- o soto gari alias Osoto gari is the major outer reaping throw — the attacker drives the opponent's upper body back and sweeps their posting leg with a large reaping motion.
- o uchi gari alias Ouchi gari — the major inner reaping throw. Drive the opponent's upper body forward and sweep the near (inner) leg from between their stance.
- O-goshi alias Hip throw — attacker turns in, places hip inside the opponent's, loads them over the fulcrum. O-goshi, Mune-nage, and variants. Submission grappling…
- Octopus — Top Perspective Octopus top — passer's view against octopus guard. Back take and kosoto sweep are the threats. Near hip away is the defence. Submission grappling…
- Octopus Butterfly Sweep Butterfly sweep mechanics applied from octopus guard: combining the underhook and body-lock control with a butterfly hook lift to sweep the passer forward.
- Octopus disengagement alias Octopus guard pass — strip the deep overhook, recover posture, flatten or backstep to pass. How to deal with the seated overhook back-take platform…
- Octopus Guard Octopus guard: the deep overhook from a seated position as a back take platform, sweep system, and front headlock entry. Covers Submission grappling…
- Octopus Guard Pass Octopus guard pass — strip the deep overhook, recover posture, flatten or backstep to pass. How to deal with the seated overhook back-take platform…
- Octopus hook sweep alias Butterfly sweep mechanics applied from octopus guard: combining the underhook and body-lock control with a butterfly hook lift to sweep the passer forward.
- octopus kosoto alias Kosoto gake (small outside reap) from octopus guard: using the body-lock and leg connection to reap the far ankle while pulling Submission grappling…
- Octopus Kosoto Sweep Kosoto gake (small outside reap) from octopus guard: using the body-lock and leg connection to reap the far ankle while pulling Submission grappling…
- Octopus pass defence alias Octopus top — passer's view against octopus guard. Back take and kosoto sweep are the threats. Near hip away is the defence. Submission grappling…
- Offensive half guard alias Underhook half guard — offensive half guard with the underhook on the shoulder. Base for dogfight, lockdown, and sweeps. Submission grappling reference.
- OHH alias The outside heel hook — primary submission from ashi garami and outside ashi. Loads medial knee structures through external Submission grappling reference.
- OHH position alias Outside sankaku in no-gi: the triangled leg control around the opponent's outside leg that serves as the primary outside heel Submission grappling…
- Omoplata Omoplata — legs trap the arm and drive the shoulder into internal rotation. Positional use is on a separate page. Submission grappling reference.
- Omoplata Control Omoplata control — arm trapped in the legs; submission always available as a threat. Platform for sweeps and back takes. Submission grappling reference.
- Omoplata Escape Omoplata escape — posture forward, forward roll, cartwheel over, step over the head. Shoulder defence from guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Omoplata position alias Omoplata control — arm trapped in the legs; submission always available as a threat. Platform for sweeps and back takes. Submission grappling reference.
- Open guard alias Seated guard is the foundational open guard — feet active between the passer's knees, head up, hands ready to frame or attack. Submission grappling…
- Open guard (lying) alias Supine guard — lying on the back with feet active, used as a transitional state to reach seated guard or leg entanglement entries. Submission grappling…
- Open stance alias Standing — the default start of all grappling exchanges. Stance, base, and distance management determine what is available. Submission grappling reference.
- Opposite arm triangle alias Opposite triangle — catches the far arm. Available when standard entry is blocked but the far arm creates the geometry. Submission grappling reference.
- Opposite-Side Triangle Opposite triangle — catches the far arm. Available when standard entry is blocked but the far arm creates the geometry. Submission grappling reference.
- Osaekomi alias Side control — chest-to-chest pin after a guard pass. Primary platform for kimura, arm triangle, D’Arce, and transitions. Submission grappling reference.
- Osoto Gari Osoto gari is the major outer reaping throw — the attacker drives the opponent's upper body back and sweeps their posting leg with a large reaping motion.
- ou pass alias The over-under pass in no-gi: one arm over the leg and one arm under to create a body lock and drive through the guard with controlled pressure.
- Ouchi Gari Ouchi gari — the major inner reaping throw. Drive the opponent's upper body forward and sweep the near (inner) leg from between their stance.
- oupass alias The over-under pass in no-gi: one arm over the leg and one arm under to create a body lock and drive through the guard with controlled pressure.
- Outer Ashi Garami alias Outside ashi garami — outside leg entanglement variant; outside heel hook is the primary submission from this position. Submission grappling reference.
- Outer Heel Hook alias The outside heel hook — primary submission from ashi garami and outside ashi. Loads medial knee structures through external Submission grappling reference.
- Outer leg trip alias The outside trip hooks the opponent's near leg from the outside — stepping behind or around the lead leg — and trips it inward while upper body pressure…
- Outside ankle reap from body lock alias Kosoto gake (small outside reap) from octopus guard: using the body-lock and leg connection to reap the far ankle while pulling Submission grappling…
- Outside Ashi — Standing Context Outside ashi standing — transitional leg control while the opponent is upright; entry into ground leg entanglement system. Submission grappling reference.
- Outside ashi come-up alias Outside heist in no-gi: the come-up from outside ashi where you clear the hip, sit up, and end seated on the opponent's hips — the outside-ashi upgrade that converts a leg entanglement into a dominant
- Outside Ashi Garami Outside ashi garami — outside leg entanglement variant; outside heel hook is the primary submission from this position. Submission grappling reference.
- Outside ashi heist alias Outside heist in no-gi: the come-up from outside ashi where you clear the hip, sit up, and end seated on the opponent's hips — the outside-ashi upgrade that converts a leg entanglement into a dominant
- Outside Entanglement alias Outside ashi garami — outside leg entanglement variant; outside heel hook is the primary submission from this position. Submission grappling reference.
- Outside Heel Hook The outside heel hook — primary submission from ashi garami and outside ashi. Loads medial knee structures through external Submission grappling reference.
- Outside heel hook escape alias Heel hook escape — hide the heel, clear the knee line, mechanics for ashi, outside ashi, cross ashi. Tap at late-stage rotation. Submission grappling…
- Outside Heist Outside heist in no-gi: the come-up from outside ashi where you clear the hip, sit up, and end seated on the opponent's hips — the outside-ashi upgrade that converts a leg entanglement into a dominant
- Outside Hook alias The outside heel hook — primary submission from ashi garami and outside ashi. Loads medial knee structures through external Submission grappling reference.
- Outside hook entry alias False reap — outside leg threads across the near leg, mirror of the reap. Access to ashi, outside ashi, cross ashi, and 50/50. Submission grappling…
- Outside hook guard alias Reverse De la Riva in no-gi: the inside hook as a transition hub between DLR, K-guard, and leg entanglements. Covers the hook Submission grappling…
- Outside hook half guard pass alias Scorpion pass — defeat the outside knee hook, deny the hip extension sweep, and pass the lower-leg-shift half guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Outside leg drag alias Outside ashi standing — transitional leg control while the opponent is upright; entry into ground leg entanglement system. Submission grappling reference.
- Outside leg triangle alias Outside sankaku in no-gi: the triangled leg control around the opponent's outside leg that serves as the primary outside heel Submission grappling…
- Outside reap alias False reap — outside leg threads across the near leg, mirror of the reap. Access to ashi, outside ashi, cross ashi, and 50/50. Submission grappling…
- Outside Sankaku Outside sankaku in no-gi: the triangled leg control around the opponent's outside leg that serves as the primary outside heel Submission grappling…
- Outside SLX (single leg X) alias Outside ashi garami — outside leg entanglement variant; outside heel hook is the primary submission from this position. Submission grappling reference.
- Outside step pass alias Long step pass — outside leg steps wide around the guard player’s legs; hips follow to complete the pass. Submission grappling reference.
- Outside triangle alias Outside sankaku in no-gi: the triangled leg control around the opponent's outside leg that serves as the primary outside heel Submission grappling…
- Outside Trip The outside trip hooks the opponent's near leg from the outside — stepping behind or around the lead leg — and trips it inward while upper body pressure…
- Outside Tripod Sweep The outside tripod sweep places the pushing foot on the outside of the opponent's hip rather than the belly. This angle is Submission grappling reference.
- Outside-leg tripod sweep alias The outside tripod sweep places the pushing foot on the outside of the opponent's hip rather than the belly. This angle is Submission grappling reference.
- Over-the-top pass alias High step pass — lifts the near foot high over the opponent's near leg and steps it to the far side, creating a sudden angle change that bypasses…
- Over-under back control alias Over-under back control — one arm over the shoulder (overhook), one arm under the armpit (underhook). Less immediate strangle Submission grappling…
- Over-under body lock alias The over-under pass in no-gi: one arm over the leg and one arm under to create a body lock and drive through the guard with controlled pressure.
- Over-under choke alias The brabo choke in no-gi: a D'Arce variant entered from top guard or top half guard rather than from turtle. The attacker's arm Submission grappling…
- Over-Under Clinch Over-under clinch — overhook over the near shoulder, underhook under the far arm. Primary no-gi contact position. Submission grappling reference.
- Over-under clinch (back context) alias Over-under back control — one arm over the shoulder (overhook), one arm under the armpit (underhook). Less immediate strangle Submission grappling…
- Over-under grip alias Seatbelt back control — over-under grip with strangle hand over the shoulder, control hand under the armpit. Submission grappling reference.
- Over-Under Pass The over-under pass in no-gi: one arm over the leg and one arm under to create a body lock and drive through the guard with controlled pressure.
- Over-under side control alias Kata gatame — head-and-arm control for the arm triangle. Shoulder into neck, arm trapped; creates bilateral carotid compression. Submission grappling…
- Overhead Sweep The overhead sweep from closed guard in no-gi: using the passer's forward pressure against them to roll them overhead and come up on top.
- Overhead throw alias Hip throw — attacker turns in, places hip inside the opponent's, loads them over the fulcrum. O-goshi, Mune-nage, and variants. Submission grappling…
- Overhook clamp alias Clamp — deep overhook and body lock isolating one arm from guard. Platform for triangle, armbar, omoplata, kimura, leg locks. Submission grappling…
- Overhook closed guard pass alias Clamp pass — recover posture against the overhook, defeat the closed guard lock, and disengage the submission platform. How to pass the clamp position…
- Overhook guard alias Clamp — deep overhook and body lock isolating one arm from guard. Platform for triangle, armbar, omoplata, kimura, leg locks. Submission grappling…
- Overhook half guard alias Octopus guard: the deep overhook from a seated position as a back take platform, sweep system, and front headlock entry. Covers Submission grappling…
P
29- Paintbrush alias Straight shoulder lock — arm in extension; downward shoulder pressure. Available from mount, side control, and knee on belly. Submission grappling…
- Passing butterfly alias Top butterfly — low base requirement to manage hook exposure; passing frameworks from butterfly top. Submission grappling reference.
- Pato Lock Pato lock — ankle and lower leg compression from ashi garami and outside ashi via an arm wrap around the ankle. Same mechanical target as the tren lock…
- PCL kneebar alias Lateral knee bar — kneebar applied from back exposure or leg ride positions, where the attacker is positioned behind the opponent's leg. Mechanically…
- Pendulum Sweep The pendulum sweep from closed guard: trapping the arm and driving the leg to rotate the passer. The fundamental closed guard Submission grappling…
- Peruvian escape alias Peruvian necktie escape — deny the front headlock, block the leg swing, base against the roll, and extract the head on the exposed side. Submission…
- Peruvian Necktie Peruvian Necktie — front headlock choke using one leg to assist the choking arm. Triangle compression against the neck. Submission grappling reference.
- Peruvian Necktie Escape Peruvian necktie escape — deny the front headlock, block the leg swing, base against the roll, and extract the head on the exposed side. Submission…
- Peterson Roll Peterson roll — executed from near-arm underhook control on a turtled opponent. The top player drives the opponent's near arm across the body and rolls…
- Peterson roll choke alias North-south choke — arm wraps around the far side of the neck under the opponent’s arm; applied from north-south top position. Submission grappling…
- Pinch Headlock Pinch headlock — underhook at the elbow with head pulled tight. Threatens sumi gaeshi, back take, and leg entanglement entries. Submission grappling…
- Pinned in kesa alias Kesa gatame bottom — defending the scarf hold. Top player seated perpendicular with head-and-arm control; near arm trapped under the top player's armpit…
- Pinned under crossbody alias The defensive view of side control — when the opponent has completed a pass and holds the pin. The most common situation Submission grappling reference.
- Pinned under mount alias Mount bottom — defending full mount, the highest-danger pin. Top player across the hips; preventing high mount is the priority. Submission grappling…
- Policeman's hold alias The hammerlock folds the opponent's arm behind their back, attacking the shoulder via internal rotation and extension. Applied from side control and back…
- Positional chain map alias The complete positional transition map: what follows what and why, derived from the canonical relationship table. Covers all Submission grappling…
- Positional sequence reference alias The complete positional transition map: what follows what and why, derived from the canonical relationship table. Covers all Submission grappling…
- Post-drag position alias Leg drag position — the held state between completing the leg drag and achieving side control, where the top player controls the legs but has not yet…
- power double alias Blast double — the explosive variant of the double leg takedown.
- Power guillotine alias High elbow guillotine — elbow points upward alongside the head. Different mechanical action; enables a seated guard finish. Submission grappling reference.
- Power Nelson Power nelson — arms under armpits, hands behind the head. Shoulder blade pressure; legal and distinct from the full nelson. Submission grappling reference.
- Pre-armbar mount defence alias S-mount bottom — defending the high mount with one leg over the far arm. Armbar, mounted triangle, and kimura are all seconds away; defence must prevent…
- Pre-berimbolo counter alias Inverted guard pass — deny the inversion, collapse the hips, and pass the transitional hub that feeds berimbolo and leg entanglement entries. Submission…
- Pre-Z-Lock Position alias Diagonal ashi garami is a transitional leg entanglement position — the specific angle that makes the Z-lock hip submission Submission grappling reference.
- Pressure pass alias Smash pass — stack and flatten the guard player’s legs; drive through the knee shield with shoulder pressure to complete. Submission grappling reference.
- Prone back control alias Belly down back — both players prone; entered when opponent rolls from seated back. Opens heel hooks and cross ashi entries. Submission grappling…
- Pulling guard alias Guard pulling is a deliberate strategic choice to initiate ground fighting from the bottom — not a failed takedown. The Submission grappling reference.
- Pummeling position alias Over-under clinch — overhook over the near shoulder, underhook under the far arm. Primary no-gi contact position. Submission grappling reference.
- Push sweep alias The overhead sweep from closed guard in no-gi: using the passer's forward pressure against them to roll them overhead and come up on top.
Q
2- Quarter Mount Quarter mount — top position at 45 degrees between side control and mount. Natural intermediate in the mount entry sequence. Submission grappling…
- Quarter Mount — Bottom Quarter mount bottom — defending the 45-degree transitional mount before it consolidates to flat mount or converts to kimura. The defensive window is…
R
58- Rau Drag The Rau drag in no-gi: Jason Rau's arm-drag-style pass for the knee shield and the stalled knee cut — drag the framing arm across to break the frame and clear to the back or side.
- Rau drag pass alias The Rau drag in no-gi: Jason Rau's arm-drag-style pass for the knee shield and the stalled knee cut — drag the framing arm across to break the frame and clear to the back or side.
- RDLR alias Reverse De la Riva in no-gi: the inside hook as a transition hub between DLR, K-guard, and leg entanglements. Covers the hook Submission grappling…
- RDLR Back Step Sweep RDLR back step sweep — when the passer back steps out of RDLR, the bottom player reads the reaction and completes the sweep. Submission grappling…
- RDLR Back Take The RDLR back take in no-gi: from reverse de la riva, invert through the space under the opponent's hips and take the back. The Submission grappling…
- RDLR berimbolo alias The RDLR back take in no-gi: from reverse de la riva, invert through the space under the opponent's hips and take the back. The Submission grappling…
- RDLR sweep alias RDLR back step sweep — when the passer back steps out of RDLR, the bottom player reads the reaction and completes the sweep. Submission grappling…
- RDLR tripod sweep alias Reverse tripod sweep — push-pull base disruption from the reverse DLR hook. Same mechanics as the standard tripod. Submission grappling reference.
- Rear Body Lock Rear body lock — both arms around the opponent’s torso from behind, hip-to-hip. Standing precursor to back take entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Rear body triangle (neck context) alias Rear triangle — legs-around-neck blood choke applied from behind the opponent. Triangle configuration applied with the legs. Submission grappling…
- Rear bodylock alias Rear body lock — both arms around the opponent’s torso from behind, hip-to-hip. Standing precursor to back take entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Rear crucifix alias Back crucifix — behind the turtle with the near arm trapped. Kimura, triangle, and RNC available from this position. Submission grappling reference.
- Rear kneebar alias Lateral knee bar — kneebar applied from back exposure or leg ride positions, where the attacker is positioned behind the opponent's leg. Mechanically…
- Rear Naked Choke The primary submission from back control. Bilateral carotid compression applied from the seatbelt or body triangle. The most Submission grappling…
- Rear Naked Choke Escape Rear naked choke escape — chin tuck, grip fight, seat drop, strong-side turn, Peterson roll. Prevention is the primary defence. Submission grappling…
- Rear Triangle Rear triangle — legs-around-neck blood choke applied from behind the opponent. Triangle configuration applied with the legs. Submission grappling…
- Rear trip from butterfly alias Butterfly sumi — sacrifice throw from butterfly guard: backward fall, hook lift, chest connection. Weight drives the reversal. Submission grappling…
- Referee's position variant alias The transitional four-point position: both players' knees on the mat, both hands posted. The breakdown chain for the top Submission grappling reference.
- Retreat pass alias Back step pass — near leg stepped backward to extract from top half guard or stalled knee cut. Creates the passing angle. Submission grappling reference.
- Reverse Ankle Lock alias The toe hold attacks the foot and ankle through rotation. Available from multiple leg entanglement positions. Restricted in some competitive formats.
- Reverse armbar alias Inverted armbar — attacks the elbow in supination with the arm rotated so the elbow faces upward; the attacker's chest or shoulder is the fulcrum…
- Reverse Ashi Lock alias The Aoki lock attacks the medial knee through a specific reverse leg configuration from ashi garami. A compression and torsion Submission grappling…
- Reverse chest-to-chest pin alias North-south is an underutilised control position where the top player is chest-to-chest with the opponent but facing the feet. Submission grappling…
- Reverse D'arce alias The anaconda choke: the arm threads under the near arm and under the far side of the neck — the reverse of the D'arce. Requires Submission grappling…
- Reverse darce escape alias Ninja choke escape — chin tuck denies forearm insertion; prevent figure-four closure during the hook phase; posture and step through in guard; level…
- Reverse De la Riva Reverse De la Riva in no-gi: the inside hook as a transition hub between DLR, K-guard, and leg entanglements. Covers the hook Submission grappling…
- Reverse DLR alias Reverse De la Riva in no-gi: the inside hook as a transition hub between DLR, K-guard, and leg entanglements. Covers the hook Submission grappling…
- Reverse Guard Reverse guard is a facing-away guard position — the bottom player's back is toward the opponent. Provides direct outside ashi Submission grappling…
- Reverse Guard (Entanglement Context) Reverse guard in the entanglement context — facing away from the opponent with a leg captured. Outside heel hook and kneebar Submission grappling…
- Reverse Guard LE alias Reverse guard in the entanglement context — facing away from the opponent with a leg captured. Outside heel hook and kneebar Submission grappling…
- Reverse Heel Hook alias The inside heel hook — primary submission from cross ashi and the saddle. Internal rotation loads the ACL and medial knee, the highest-finish leg lock in no-gi.
- Reverse hook tripod alias Reverse tripod sweep — push-pull base disruption from the reverse DLR hook. Same mechanics as the standard tripod. Submission grappling reference.
- Reverse kesa alias Reverse kesa gatame — kesa rotated 180 degrees, top player facing the feet. Near arm and leg controlled from the reverse side. Submission grappling…
- Reverse Kesa Gatame Reverse kesa gatame — kesa rotated 180 degrees, top player facing the feet. Near arm and leg controlled from the reverse side. Submission grappling…
- Reverse Kesa Gatame — Bottom Reverse kesa gatame bottom — defending the reverse scarf hold. Top player hip-seated facing the defender's feet; primary threat is the near-arm kimura…
- Reverse kimura alias The hammerlock folds the opponent's arm behind their back, attacking the shoulder via internal rotation and extension. Applied from side control and back…
- Reverse leg triangle alias Reverse triangle (hantaisankaku) — leg crosses the front of the neck from the opposite direction. Available from north-south. Submission grappling…
- Reverse scarf hold alias Reverse kesa gatame — kesa rotated 180 degrees, top player facing the feet. Near arm and leg controlled from the reverse side. Submission grappling…
- Reverse scarf hold bottom alias Reverse kesa gatame bottom — defending the reverse scarf hold. Top player hip-seated facing the defender's feet; primary threat is the near-arm kimura…
- Reverse Triangle Reverse triangle (hantaisankaku) — leg crosses the front of the neck from the opposite direction. Available from north-south. Submission grappling…
- Reverse triangle alias Rear triangle — legs-around-neck blood choke applied from behind the opponent. Triangle configuration applied with the legs. Submission grappling…
- Reverse Tripod Sweep Reverse tripod sweep — push-pull base disruption from the reverse DLR hook. Same mechanics as the standard tripod. Submission grappling reference.
- Reverse X Reverse X is the inverted X-guard variant that creates direct cross ashi entries and back takes. The leg configuration exposes Submission grappling…
- Reverse X alias Ushiro X is an inverted X-guard position in which the bottom player faces the same direction as the opponent. The inversion Submission grappling reference.
- Reverse X counter alias Ushiro X pass — deny the hip inversion, close the inside space, and defeat the cross ashi / back take dilemma from reverse X guard. Submission grappling…
- Reverse X Guard alias Reverse X is the inverted X-guard variant that creates direct cross ashi entries and back takes. The leg configuration exposes Submission grappling…
- RNC alias The primary submission from back control. Bilateral carotid compression applied from the seatbelt or body triangle. The most Submission grappling…
- RNC escape alias Rear naked choke escape — chin tuck, grip fight, seat drop, strong-side turn, Peterson roll. Prevention is the primary defence. Submission grappling…
- Roll-through necktie escape alias Peruvian necktie escape — deny the front headlock, block the leg swing, base against the roll, and extract the head on the exposed side. Submission…
- Rolling armbar from turtle alias Shotgun armbar — rolling armbar entry from turtle top or folkstyle ride. The attacker traps the near arm and rolls through to finish. Entry mechanics…
- Rolling back take alias Berimbolo — inverted rolling from De la Riva, RDLR, 50/50, seated guard. Exits to back control, crab ride, leg entanglements. Submission grappling…
- Rolling leg lock entry alias Imanari roll — inverted standing-to-ground entry threading directly to ashi garami or cross ashi garami. Submission grappling reference.
- Rolls and Reversal Mechanics Rolls and reversals — Granby roll, inside arm roll, outside arm roll. Guard recovery mechanics from turtle and bottom positions. Submission grappling…
- Rubber Guard Rubber guard — leg-behind-neck guard pinning posture and freeing both hands. Platform for omoplata, gogoplata, and triangle. Submission grappling…
- run the pipe alias Sweep single — the single leg finish in which the attacker circles to the outside of the trapped leg and sweeps the opponent's far ankle.
- running the pipe alias Sweep single — the single leg finish in which the attacker circles to the outside of the trapped leg and sweeps the opponent's far ankle.
- Russian Tie Russian tie — two hands on one arm; superior arm control for single leg, double leg, ankle pick, and arm drag entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Russian tie kimura alias Standing kimura — figure-four shoulder lock applied and finished from standing. Russian tie, underhook, and single leg defence entries. Submission…
S
169- S-Mount S-mount — high mount with one leg over the far arm. Opens armbar, mounted triangle, and kimura from the top position. Submission grappling reference.
- S-Mount — Bottom S-mount bottom — defending the high mount with one leg over the far arm. Armbar, mounted triangle, and kimura are all seconds away; defence must prevent…
- S-Mount Escape Techniques S-mount escape — hide the elbow, stack the fall-back, hitchhiker escape, stuff-and-spin. Arm protection is the primary priority because the arm is…
- Sacrifice throw (rear) alias Tani otoshi (valley drop) — one leg steps behind and between the opponent's legs; the attacker drops backward, pulling the upper body down while the…
- Sacrifice throw from guard alias Butterfly sumi — sacrifice throw from butterfly guard: backward fall, hook lift, chest connection. Weight drives the reversal. Submission grappling…
- Saddle alias Cross ashi garami — inside heel hook position: saddle, inside sankaku, honey hole. Hardest to escape; shortest injury timeline. Submission grappling…
- Saddle calf compression alias Mikey lock — calf compression applied from cross ashi / saddle, transitioning from inside heel hook attempts. Same mechanical target as the calf slicer…
- Saddle Finish alias The inside heel hook — primary submission from cross ashi and the saddle. Internal rotation loads the ACL and medial knee, the highest-finish leg lock in no-gi.
- Sambo Knot alias Game Over (Z-lock, Leg Knot) — an entanglement in which the attacker controls both of the opponent's legs in a crossed configuration. Immediate heel hook…
- Sankaku from mount alias Mounted triangle — triangle choke from mount. Legs encircle neck and one arm from above; bilateral carotid compression from top. Submission grappling…
- Sankaku jime alias Triangle — bilateral carotid compression from guard. Opponent's inside arm presses against their neck to close half the choke. Submission grappling…
- Sankaku jime escape alias Triangle escape — posture, hide the arm, spin before the lock, double under, tilt, stack and walk. Early defence is essential. Submission grappling…
- Sankaku-garami escape alias Omoplata escape — posture forward, forward roll, cartwheel over, step over the head. Shoulder defence from guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Sao Paulo Pass alias The Tozi pass drops the near shoulder under a butterfly or X-guard hook, trapping it to the mat with body weight and passing over the trapped leg. Also…
- Saulo break alias Kneeling closed guard break — open the closed guard without standing. Sit back onto heels, wedge elbow to far knee, push outward while keeping posture…
- Scapula Grip alias The claw grip is a transitional upper body control from the folkstyle wrestling family. The curved-finger grip on the near Submission grappling reference.
- Scarf hold alias Kesa gatame — hip-seated position securing head and near arm. Weight distribution and arm structure are the control mechanism. Submission grappling…
- Scarf hold bottom alias Kesa gatame bottom — defending the scarf hold. Top player seated perpendicular with head-and-arm control; near arm trapped under the top player's armpit…
- Scarf hold escape alias Kesa gatame escape — posting frame, bridge and roll reversal, granby exit, pummelling to recover the trapped arm, hip-out to half guard. Written from the…
- Scissor Sweep The scissor sweep in no-gi: shin-across-the-thigh and heel-hook-behind-the-knee mechanics as a fundamental weight-unloading Submission grappling reference.
- Scissors sweep alias The scissor sweep in no-gi: shin-across-the-thigh and heel-hook-behind-the-knee mechanics as a fundamental weight-unloading Submission grappling reference.
- Scissors takedown alias Kani Basami — scissors takedown. Sacrifice technique with elevated knee injury risk. Elite-level timing and angle requirement. Heavily…
- Scorpion / Lower Leg Shift Scorpion — half guard variant with trapping foot outside the top player's knee. Opens waiter sweep and back take. Submission grappling reference.
- Scorpion back take alias Half scorpion back take — top player ducks and drives hips up to defend the sweep, exposing the back for the bottom player. Submission grappling reference.
- Scorpion Pass Scorpion pass — defeat the outside knee hook, deny the hip extension sweep, and pass the lower-leg-shift half guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Scorpion position alias Scorpion — half guard variant with trapping foot outside the top player's knee. Opens waiter sweep and back take. Submission grappling reference.
- Scorpion position sweep alias Half scorpion sweep — near knee hook and underhook tip the top player to side control. Back take opens when top player ducks. Submission grappling…
- Scorpion Sweep Half scorpion sweep — near knee hook and underhook tip the top player to side control. Back take opens when top player ducks. Submission grappling…
- Scorpion to Back Take Half scorpion back take — top player ducks and drives hips up to defend the sweep, exposing the back for the bottom player. Submission grappling reference.
- Scramble framework alias Scramble framework — three-task hierarchy, height and hip height principle, position selection and decision-making. Submission grappling reference.
- Scramble hierarchy alias Scramble framework — three-task hierarchy, height and hip height principle, position selection and decision-making. Submission grappling reference.
- Scramble Principles Scramble framework — three-task hierarchy, height and hip height principle, position selection and decision-making. Submission grappling reference.
- Scramble triangle alias Trapped triangle — triangle around a trapped arm and neck; the arm presses against the carotid as the triangle tightens. Submission grappling reference.
- Scythe sweep alias The sickle sweep hooks the bottom player's leg behind the standing opponent's far ankle in a scything motion, pulling the ankle out while pushing the…
- Sealed honey hole alias Inside sankaku in no-gi: the triangled upgrade of cross ashi (the saddle) — a figure-four around the near leg with the top leg crossing past the far leg. The most locked-down inside heel hook position
- Seatbelt Control Seatbelt back control — over-under grip with strangle hand over the shoulder, control hand under the armpit. Submission grappling reference.
- Seatbelt Defence Back escape from seatbelt — chin tuck, hook removal, hip turn, face the opponent. Three-step system with staged defence. Submission grappling reference.
- Seatbelt defence alias Harness back control escape — over-under (gable grip) is inert as a finish but robust as a hold. Force the RNC transition and defend it. Granby roll…
- Seatbelt grip alias Seatbelt back control — over-under grip with strangle hand over the shoulder, control hand under the armpit. Submission grappling reference.
- Seated Guard Seated guard is the foundational open guard — feet active between the passer's knees, head up, hands ready to frame or attack. Submission grappling…
- Seated Guard Engagement Seated guard engagement — first-contact actions that convert a live seated guard into a passable supine guard. Closing distance, hand-fighting, denying…
- Seated guard pass entry alias Seated guard engagement — first-contact actions that convert a live seated guard into a passable supine guard. Closing distance, hand-fighting, denying…
- Seoi Otoshi Seoi otoshi — the drop shoulder throw, no-gi-friendly variant where the attacker drops to the knees during the pivot to compress entry time and reduce.
- Seventy-Thirty alias 70/30 (80/20) — asymmetric leg entanglement where one player controls a larger share of the leg, creating heel hook advantage. Submission grappling…
- Shelf Shelf — leg ride variant with the near leg lifted across the top player’s thigh, exposing the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Shield pass alias Knee shield break — neutralise the Z-guard / half-guard shield by crushing, stepping over, or pummelling under the blocking knee. Required for passing…
- Shin-on-Shin Shin-on-shin is a fundamental seated guard entry position — the connecting configuration between seated guard and single leg X Submission grappling…
- Shin-on-Shin Guard alias Shin-on-shin is a fundamental seated guard entry position — the connecting configuration between seated guard and single leg X Submission grappling…
- Shin-to-throat defence alias Domplata bottom — defending the shin-to-throat compression from mount with one arm trapped. Defence is pre-emptive (deny the arm isolation) or immediate…
- Shoelace Heist Reversal Shoelace heist — stand-up reversal from single leg X with heel-outside grip. Bottom player stands and converts to top. Submission grappling reference.
- Shoelace stand-up alias Shoelace heist — stand-up reversal from single leg X with heel-outside grip. Bottom player stands and converts to top. Submission grappling reference.
- Shoelace sweep alias Shoelace heist — stand-up reversal from single leg X with heel-outside grip. Bottom player stands and converts to top. Submission grappling reference.
- Short Choke Short choke — rear strangle using the under-chin arm path. Primary option when chin tuck blocks the rear naked choke. Submission grappling reference.
- Short Sit The short sit is a folkstyle bottom escape — sit out to the near side, swinging the near hip and leg out from referee's position bottom, to face the top…
- Shotgun Armbar Shotgun armbar — rolling armbar entry from turtle top or folkstyle ride. The attacker traps the near arm and rolls through to finish. Entry mechanics…
- shoulder choke alias Kata gatame from front headlock — chest pins near arm against neck; attacking arm over the neck completes the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Shoulder choke position alias Kata gatame — head-and-arm control for the arm triangle. Shoulder into neck, arm trapped; creates bilateral carotid compression. Submission grappling…
- Shoulder Claw alias The claw grip is a transitional upper body control from the folkstyle wrestling family. The curved-finger grip on the near Submission grappling reference.
- Shoulder Crunch The shoulder crunch in no-gi: a bottom guard control — win inside position, then pinch the head and shoulder together to kill the post and off-balance, opening sweeps, the back, leg entries, and submi
- Shoulder crunch control alias The shoulder crunch in no-gi: a bottom guard control — win inside position, then pinch the head and shoulder together to kill the post and off-balance, opening sweeps, the back, leg entries, and submi
- shoulder drop alias Seoi otoshi — the drop shoulder throw, no-gi-friendly variant where the attacker drops to the knees during the pivot to compress entry time and reduce.
- Shoulder guard alias High guard — closed guard variant with elevated hips and legs riding high. Primary platform for triangle and armbar entries. Submission grappling…
- Shoulder lock (informal) alias Cross-chest armbar — attacks the arm crossing the chest when opponent frames from side control. Compresses the elbow downward. Submission grappling…
- Shoulder lock control position alias Omoplata control — arm trapped in the legs; submission always available as a threat. Platform for sweeps and back takes. Submission grappling reference.
- Shoulder lock from guard alias Omoplata — legs trap the arm and drive the shoulder into internal rotation. Positional use is on a separate page. Submission grappling reference.
- Shoulder wheel throw alias Fireman's carry — drops under the arm and through the legs to load the opponent across the shoulders. Shoulder is the fulcrum. Submission grappling…
- Shuck alias The snap down pulls the opponent's head sharply downward from a collar tie or head control, forcing them to turtle or four-point. A foundational setup…
- Sickle Sweep The sickle sweep hooks the bottom player's leg behind the standing opponent's far ankle in a scything motion, pulling the ankle out while pushing the…
- Side Control — Bottom The defensive view of side control — when the opponent has completed a pass and holds the pin. The most common situation Submission grappling reference.
- Side Control — Top Side control — chest-to-chest pin after a guard pass. Primary platform for kimura, arm triangle, D’Arce, and transitions. Submission grappling reference.
- Side Control Escape Techniques Side control escape techniques — hip escape, ghost escape, Granby roll, single leg escape, underhook recovery. Submission grappling reference.
- Side drop alias The lateral drop drops the practitioner to the side while pulling the opponent's upper body across, throwing them over the dropping body. Applied from…
- Side headlock (wrestling) alias Kata gatame from front headlock — chest pins near arm against neck; attacking arm over the neck completes the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Side mount alias Side control — chest-to-chest pin after a guard pass. Primary platform for kimura, arm triangle, D’Arce, and transitions. Submission grappling reference.
- Side mount escape alias Side control escape techniques — hip escape, ghost escape, Granby roll, single leg escape, underhook recovery. Submission grappling reference.
- Side pin escape alias Side control escape techniques — hip escape, ghost escape, Granby roll, single leg escape, underhook recovery. Submission grappling reference.
- Side Scissors Sweep The side scissors sweep from closed guard: hip-escaping laterally to attack a perpendicular angle and sweep the passer with crossed-leg pressure.
- Side Triangle Side triangle — triangle from a lateral position. Hip drive is lateral. Available from side control and north-south. Submission grappling reference.
- Side triangle choke alias Side triangle — triangle from a lateral position. Hip drive is lateral. Available from side control and north-south. Submission grappling reference.
- Single alias Single leg — penetration step to the outside of the near leg; shoulder drives through to complete the takedown. Submission grappling reference.
- Single Collar Tie The single collar tie — one hand on the back of the opponent's head — is the standard initial engagement position. It controls Submission grappling…
- Single Leg Entry Single leg — penetration step to the outside of the near leg; shoulder drives through to complete the takedown. Submission grappling reference.
- Single leg takedown alias Single leg — penetration step to the outside of the near leg; shoulder drives through to complete the takedown. Submission grappling reference.
- Single Leg X Single Leg X in the guard context — where ashi garami is established as a guard configuration before the entanglement is Submission grappling reference.
- Single Leg X alias Ashi garami (single leg X) — foundational leg entanglement; inside space prevents extraction and creates heel hook access. Submission grappling reference.
- Single Leg X Guard alias Single Leg X in the guard context — where ashi garami is established as a guard configuration before the entanglement is Submission grappling reference.
- Single Outside alias Outside ashi garami — outside leg entanglement variant; outside heel hook is the primary submission from this position. Submission grappling reference.
- Single shoulder throw alias Ippon Seoi Nage — single shoulder throw; drop variant most used in no-gi competition. Arm over shoulder, hip and back rotation. Submission grappling…
- Sit-back guard break alias Kneeling closed guard break — open the closed guard without standing. Sit back onto heels, wedge elbow to far knee, push outward while keeping posture…
- Sit-out alias The short sit is a folkstyle bottom escape — sit out to the near side, swinging the near hip and leg out from referee's position bottom, to face the top…
- Sit-Out and Stand-Up Mechanics Sit-out and stand-up mechanics — highest-priority exit in the scramble hierarchy. Technical execution from bottom positions. Submission grappling…
- Sit-up guard engagement alias Seated guard engagement — first-contact actions that convert a live seated guard into a passable supine guard. Closing distance, hand-fighting, denying…
- Sit-up sweep alias Hip bump sweep — sit-up, wrist control, and hip explosion from closed guard. Creates immediate sweep or kimura entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Sitout roll alias Rolls and reversals — Granby roll, inside arm roll, outside arm roll. Guard recovery mechanics from turtle and bottom positions. Submission grappling…
- Sleeper hold alias The primary submission from back control. Bilateral carotid compression applied from the seatbelt or body triangle. The most Submission grappling…
- Sleeve choke alias The Ezekiel choke in no-gi: the attacking arm is inserted under the opponent's chin, the gripping arm holds the wrist. The Submission grappling reference.
- Slide by alias The go behind is a standing position change from a front or side position to a full rear position, stepping or spinning around the opponent's side…
- SLX alias Ashi garami (single leg X) — foundational leg entanglement; inside space prevents extraction and creates heel hook access. Submission grappling reference.
- SLX back entry alias SLX back take — from Single Leg X, invert toward the opponent’s back and take the seatbelt position. Submission grappling reference.
- SLX Back Take SLX back take — from Single Leg X, invert toward the opponent’s back and take the seatbelt position. Submission grappling reference.
- SLX Guard alias Single Leg X in the guard context — where ashi garami is established as a guard configuration before the entanglement is Submission grappling reference.
- SLX stand-up alias Shoelace heist — stand-up reversal from single leg X with heel-outside grip. Bottom player stands and converts to top. Submission grappling reference.
- SLX Stand-Up Sweep SLX stand-up sweep — from Single Leg X, extend the inside hook to force the opponent up, then finish the takedown. Submission grappling reference.
- small outer reap alias Kosoto gari is a judo foot throw in which the attacker reaps the opponent's far leg from outside while driving their weight forward.
- Smash Pass Smash pass — stack and flatten the guard player’s legs; drive through the knee shield with shoulder pressure to complete. Submission grappling reference.
- Smash pass variant alias The split squat pass: a pressure-based half guard pass using a wide split stance to flatten the bottom player and grind through the guard.
- Snap Down The snap down pulls the opponent's head sharply downward from a collar tie or head control, forcing them to turtle or four-point. A foundational setup…
- Snap-down position alias The standing front headlock: head-and-arm control from the upright position. The clinch-level position that precedes the ground Submission grappling…
- Sode guruma jime escape alias Ezekiel choke escape (no-gi) — chin tuck before the insertion, peel the inserting arm's wrist, turn into the elbow side, bridge and recover. Submission…
- SOS alias Shin-on-shin is a fundamental seated guard entry position — the connecting configuration between seated guard and single leg X Submission grappling…
- Spin behind alias The go behind is a standing position change from a front or side position to a full rear position, stepping or spinning around the opponent's side…
- Spinal Hook alias Twister hook — one leg threaded between the opponent's legs to limit spinal rotation. Entry to the truck position. Submission grappling reference.
- Spinal lock alias The Twister is a spinal rotation submission executed from the truck (crab ride) position. One leg hooks between the opponent's Submission grappling…
- Spinning under entry alias Imanari roll — inverted standing-to-ground entry threading directly to ashi garami or cross ashi garami. Submission grappling reference.
- Spiral breakdown alias Spiral ride — top control in a spiral path around the turtle. Breaks the base; opens back take and leg entanglement routes. Submission grappling reference.
- Spiral Ride Spiral ride — top control in a spiral path around the turtle. Breaks the base; opens back take and leg entanglement routes. Submission grappling reference.
- Split Squat Pass The split squat pass: a pressure-based half guard pass using a wide split stance to flatten the bottom player and grind through the guard.
- Splitsville alias Electric chair — from deep half, far leg captured and extended to stretch the inner thigh. Categorised in the kimura system. Submission grappling…
- Sprawl Sprawl — defensive hip-weight transfer against single- and double-leg shots. Entry to the front headlock family. Leads to ground control, guillotine…
- Sprawl Sprawl — primary takedown defence: hips down, legs behind the attacker. Creates front headlock for guillotines and anacondas. Submission grappling…
- Sprawl and brawl alias Sprawl — defensive hip-weight transfer against single- and double-leg shots. Entry to the front headlock family. Leads to ground control, guillotine…
- Sprawl position alias Front headlock ground control — cervical spine control that leads the body. Primary platform for guillotine, D’Arce, anaconda. Submission grappling…
- Stack pass alias Double under pass — both arms under the bottom player’s legs; stack upright, cartwheel or dump to complete. Submission grappling reference.
- Stack Position The stack position is a guard passing pressure tool in which the top player drives the bottom player's hips up over their Submission grappling reference.
- Stacking alias The stack position is a guard passing pressure tool in which the top player drives the bottom player's hips up over their Submission grappling reference.
- Stacking defence against ashi alias Standing passer against an opponent in a leg entanglement — ashi garami, outside ashi, cross ashi, 50/50. Stacking pressure, staying vertical, and…
- Stand-up from turtle alias Wrestling up is the act of returning to a standing base from the turtle bottom position. It is the primary proactive escape Submission grappling reference.
- Standard Triangle Triangle — bilateral carotid compression from guard. Opponent's inside arm presses against their neck to close half the choke. Submission grappling…
- Standing Standing — the default start of all grappling exchanges. Stance, base, and distance management determine what is available. Submission grappling reference.
- Standing 50/50 counter alias Standing passer against an opponent in a leg entanglement — ashi garami, outside ashi, cross ashi, 50/50. Stacking pressure, staying vertical, and…
- Standing back control alias Backpack position — chest-to-back back control without leg hooks. Double overhooks or seatbelt with no hooks set. Transitional or standing back control…
- Standing closed-guard break alias Standing passer against an opponent lying on their back — closed guard, De la Riva, X-guard. Gravity-assisted pressure, leg stretching, and footwork…
- Standing double wristlock alias Standing kimura — figure-four shoulder lock applied and finished from standing. Russian tie, underhook, and single leg defence entries. Submission…
- Standing Front Headlock Standing front headlock — after a snap down; guillotine, D’Arce, and back take entries before the opponent recovers. Submission grappling reference.
- Standing front headlock alias The standing front headlock: head-and-arm control from the upright position. The clinch-level position that precedes the ground Submission grappling…
- Standing guard break alias Standing closed guard break — the primary method of opening a closed guard in no-gi. Post on the hips, stand with one knee up, and drop weight through…
- Standing headlock alias Standing front headlock — after a snap down; guillotine, D’Arce, and back take entries before the opponent recovers. Submission grappling reference.
- Standing Kimura Standing kimura — figure-four shoulder lock applied and finished from standing. Russian tie, underhook, and single leg defence entries. Submission…
- Standing leg lock defence alias Standing passer against an opponent in a leg entanglement — ashi garami, outside ashi, cross ashi, 50/50. Stacking pressure, staying vertical, and…
- Standing open-guard passing alias Standing passer against an opponent lying on their back — closed guard, De la Riva, X-guard. Gravity-assisted pressure, leg stretching, and footwork…
- Standing outside ashi alias Outside ashi standing — transitional leg control while the opponent is upright; entry into ground leg entanglement system. Submission grappling reference.
- Standing pass vs butterfly alias Standing passer against a seated guard player — butterfly, shin-on-shin, seated. Grip fighting, distance management, and preventing wrestle-ups…
- Standing posture break alias Standing closed guard break — the primary method of opening a closed guard in no-gi. Post on the hips, stand with one knee up, and drop weight through…
- Standing rear naked choke alias Standing RNC — rear naked choke applied from standing back control before hooks are established. Different technical demands from the ground RNC…
- Standing RNC Standing RNC — rear naked choke applied from standing back control before hooks are established. Different technical demands from the ground RNC…
- Standing vs butt scoot alias Standing passer against a seated guard player — butterfly, shin-on-shin, seated. Grip fighting, distance management, and preventing wrestle-ups…
- Standing vs Entangled Guard Standing passer against an opponent in a leg entanglement — ashi garami, outside ashi, cross ashi, 50/50. Stacking pressure, staying vertical, and…
- Standing vs Seated Guard Standing passer against a seated guard player — butterfly, shin-on-shin, seated. Grip fighting, distance management, and preventing wrestle-ups…
- Standing vs Supine Guard Standing passer against an opponent lying on their back — closed guard, De la Riva, X-guard. Gravity-assisted pressure, leg stretching, and footwork…
- Step-out mount alias Technical mount — one knee grounded, the other leg stepped out flat beside the opponent's hip. Opens back take entries, arm triangle access, and armbar…
- Step-out mount bottom alias Technical mount bottom — defending the stepped-out mount. One foot posted beside the defender's hip, back take and arm triangle imminent; the defender is…
- Step-over mount alias S-mount — high mount with one leg over the far arm. Opens armbar, mounted triangle, and kimura from the top position. Submission grappling reference.
- stomach throw alias Tomoe nage — sacrifice throw where the attacker falls backward and uses a foot planted on the opponent's hip or stomach to launch them overhead.
- Straight Ankle Lock The straight ankle lock — Achilles lock — is the foundational lower limb submission. Legal in all major rulesets. Understanding Submission grappling…
- Straight Ankle Lock Escape Straight ankle lock escape — boot defence, hide the heel, pommel the knee line, pull out to combat base. Foundational leg lock defence. Submission…
- Straight arm lock alias Armbar — elbow hyperextension with hip as fulcrum, arm isolated from body. Connects to triangle and kimura via chain attacks. Submission grappling…
- Straight Arm Shoulder Lock Straight shoulder lock — arm in extension; downward shoulder pressure. Available from mount, side control, and knee on belly. Submission grappling…
- Straight armlock escape alias Armbar escape — grip fight, stack, elbow pummel, leg trap, hitchhiker. The hitchhiker is the canonical no-gi armbar escape. Submission grappling reference.
- Straight Foot Lock alias The straight ankle lock — Achilles lock — is the foundational lower limb submission. Legal in all major rulesets. Understanding Submission grappling…
- Straitjacket Straitjacket back control in no-gi: the opponent's near arm is trapped between the attacker's legs while back control is Submission grappling reference.
- Suloev Stretch The Suloev stretch is a posterior knee submission from back control, hyperextending the opponent's isolated leg by driving hips down against posterior…
- sumi gaeshi alias Sumi gaeshi (standing context) — sacrifice throw where the attacker falls backward while elevating the opponent's near leg.
- Sumi Gaeshi (Standing) Sumi gaeshi (standing context) — sacrifice throw where the attacker falls backward while elevating the opponent's near leg.
- Sumi gaeshi from butterfly alias Butterfly sumi — sacrifice throw from butterfly guard: backward fall, hook lift, chest connection. Weight drives the reversal. Submission grappling…
- Sumi gaeshi position alias Pinch headlock — underhook at the elbow with head pulled tight. Threatens sumi gaeshi, back take, and leg entanglement entries. Submission grappling…
- Supine Guard Supine guard — lying on the back with feet active, used as a transitional state to reach seated guard or leg entanglement entries. Submission grappling…
- Suplex The suplex lifts the opponent from a rear body lock and arches backward, throwing them overhead. A high-amplitude Greco-Roman throw with German…
- Sweep Single Sweep single — the single leg finish in which the attacker circles to the outside of the trapped leg and sweeps the opponent's far ankle.
- Sweeping hip throw alias Harai Goshi — sweeping hip throw; full hip insertion with outer thigh/hip sweep. Companion to Uchi Mata; similar entries, different leg target…
T
74- Tani Otoshi Tani otoshi (valley drop) — one leg steps behind and between the opponent's legs; the attacker drops backward, pulling the upper body down while the…
- Tarikoplata Tarikoplata — shoulder lock using a leg triangle over the arm from guard. Leg-based rotation loads the shoulder joint. Submission grappling reference.
- Tate shiho gatame alias The mount is the highest-percentage finishing position in top grappling. The top player sits on the opponent's torso Submission grappling reference.
- Tate shiho gatame escape alias Mount escape — trap and roll, elbow-knee, ghost, kipping, foot drag, bridge to turtle. Written from the defender's perspective. Submission grappling…
- Tate shiho variation alias Knee on belly — knee into the torso; reactions are exploited. Pushing opens the armbar; reaching opens the triangle. Submission grappling reference.
- Technical Mount Technical mount — one knee grounded, the other leg stepped out flat beside the opponent's hip. Opens back take entries, arm triangle access, and armbar…
- Technical mount alias S-mount — high mount with one leg over the far arm. Opens armbar, mounted triangle, and kimura from the top position. Submission grappling reference.
- Technical Mount — Bottom Technical mount bottom — defending the stepped-out mount. One foot posted beside the defender's hip, back take and arm triangle imminent; the defender is…
- Technical Mount Escape Techniques Technical mount escape — spin out to re-flatten, roll back to half guard, reverse-technical when the opponent stays high. Seatbelt hand-fighting and…
- Technical stand-up alias Sit-out and stand-up mechanics — highest-priority exit in the scramble hierarchy. Technical execution from bottom positions. Submission grappling…
- Texas cloverleaf alias Calf slicer — calf compressed against attacker’s bone; loads the knee through combined compression and rotation. Submission grappling reference.
- Thai plum single alias The single collar tie — one hand on the back of the opponent's head — is the standard initial engagement position. It controls Submission grappling…
- The crunch alias The shoulder crunch in no-gi: a bottom guard control — win inside position, then pinch the head and shoulder together to kill the post and off-balance, opening sweeps, the back, leg entries, and submi
- The Reap The reap — seated guard entry threading inside leg across. Creates ashi, outside ashi, or cross ashi depending on the response. Submission grappling…
- The scramble alias The dogfight is the neutral kneeling scramble that arises from half guard when both players are fighting for the underhook. Submission grappling reference.
- The Split alias The Banana Split is a hip and adductor submission applied from cross ashi / saddle / honey hole. One leg is pushed forward Submission grappling reference.
- The Twister alias The Twister is a spinal rotation submission executed from the truck (crab ride) position. One leg hooks between the opponent's Submission grappling…
- Three-point choke escape alias Triangle escape — posture, hide the arm, spin before the lock, double under, tilt, stack and walk. Early defence is essential. Submission grappling…
- Three-quarter juji alias The 3/4 armbar is the bent-arm counter to the standard armbar — entered when the opponent bends their arm to defend. Rather Submission grappling reference.
- Tight waist ride alias The Iowa ride combines a tight waist with near arm or leg control for sustained top pressure. The signature finish is the tight waist tilt — rotating…
- Tight waist tilt alias The Iowa ride combines a tight waist with near arm or leg control for sustained top pressure. The signature finish is the tight waist tilt — rotating…
- Toe Hold The toe hold attacks the foot and ankle through rotation. Available from multiple leg entanglement positions. Restricted in some competitive formats.
- Toe Hold Escape Toe hold escape — deny the grip, straighten the knee, rotate the foot internally, stack and counter. Elevated-risk leg lock defence. Submission grappling…
- Toehold alias The toe hold attacks the foot and ankle through rotation. Available from multiple leg entanglement positions. Restricted in some competitive formats.
- Tomoe Nage Tomoe nage — sacrifice throw where the attacker falls backward and uses a foot planted on the opponent's hip or stomach to launch them overhead.
- Tomoe nage (judo equivalent from standing) alias The overhead sweep from closed guard in no-gi: using the passer's forward pressure against them to roll them overhead and come up on top.
- Top Butterfly Guard Top butterfly — low base requirement to manage hook exposure; passing frameworks from butterfly top. Submission grappling reference.
- Top Half Guard Top half guard — underhook battle and flattening mechanics; passing options: back step, knee cut, and toreando. Submission grappling reference.
- Top half pass alias Half guard passing in no-gi — extracting a trapped leg from half guard. Flatten the bottom, win the whizzer-underhook fight, then branch to smash…
- Top kimura position alias North-south is an underutilised control position where the top player is chest-to-chest with the opponent but facing the feet. Submission grappling…
- Top triangle alias Mounted triangle — triangle choke from mount. Legs encircle neck and one arm from above; bilateral carotid compression from top. Submission grappling…
- Top triangle escape alias Mounted triangle escape — prevent the S-mount arm isolation, block the leg crossing the neck, stack-and-drive the trapped arm out, posture up through the…
- Toreando Pass The toreando (bullfighter) pass in no-gi: controlling both shins and redirecting the legs to pass around to the side. The Submission grappling reference.
- Tozi Pass The Tozi pass drops the near shoulder under a butterfly or X-guard hook, trapping it to the mat with body weight and passing over the trapped leg. Also…
- Train lock alias Tren Lock — ankle lock from the truck position using both arms around the near leg with a rotational body drive. Submission grappling reference.
- Transition Chains — What Follows What and Why The complete positional transition map: what follows what and why, derived from the canonical relationship table. Covers all Submission grappling…
- Transition flow chart alias The complete positional transition map: what follows what and why, derived from the canonical relationship table. Covers all Submission grappling…
- Transition principles alias Scramble framework — three-task hierarchy, height and hip height principle, position selection and decision-making. Submission grappling reference.
- Transitional mount alias Quarter mount — top position at 45 degrees between side control and mount. Natural intermediate in the mount entry sequence. Submission grappling…
- Trapped arm triangle alias Trapped triangle — triangle around a trapped arm and neck; the arm presses against the carotid as the triangle tightens. Submission grappling reference.
- Trapped Triangle Trapped triangle — triangle around a trapped arm and neck; the arm presses against the carotid as the triangle tightens. Submission grappling reference.
- Trapped-arm mount alias Gift wrap bottom — your own arm folded across your face and controlled from mount, neutralising a primary defensive tool. Defence is a race against the…
- Tren Lock Tren Lock — ankle lock from the truck position using both arms around the near leg with a rotational body drive. Submission grappling reference.
- Triangle armlock escape alias Omoplata escape — posture forward, forward roll, cartwheel over, step over the head. Shoulder defence from guard. Submission grappling reference.
- Triangle choke alias Triangle — bilateral carotid compression from guard. Opponent's inside arm presses against their neck to close half the choke. Submission grappling…
- Triangle Choke Escape Triangle escape — posture, hide the arm, spin before the lock, double under, tilt, stack and walk. Early defence is essential. Submission grappling…
- Triangle position alias Closed guard — legs locked around the top player’s waist, passing blocked until opened. Sweeps and submissions from bottom. Submission grappling reference.
- Triangled saddle alias Inside sankaku in no-gi: the triangled upgrade of cross ashi (the saddle) — a figure-four around the near leg with the top leg crossing past the far leg. The most locked-down inside heel hook position
- Tripod Pass The tripod pass: using a foot-on-hip and shin-control combination to break the guard and step through. A standing pass complementary to the toreando.
- Tripod Sweep Tripod sweep — opposing push-pull forces; one foot on the hip, one hand on the ankle, removing the opponent’s base. Submission grappling reference.
- Tripod sweep alias The outside tripod sweep places the pushing foot on the outside of the opponent's hip rather than the belly. This angle is Submission grappling reference.
- Tripod sweep counter alias The tripod pass: using a foot-on-hip and shin-control combination to break the guard and step through. A standing pass complementary to the toreando.
- Truck / Crab Ride Truck (crab ride) — elevated control of one leg behind the turtled opponent; heel hook and back take access. Submission grappling reference.
- Truck ankle lock alias Tren Lock — ankle lock from the truck position using both arms around the near leg with a rotational body drive. Submission grappling reference.
- Truck Control alias Truck (crab ride) — elevated control of one leg behind the turtled opponent; heel hook and back take access. Submission grappling reference.
- Truck Position alias Truck (crab ride) — elevated control of one leg behind the turtled opponent; heel hook and back take access. Submission grappling reference.
- Turk Turk — folkstyle control under the near arm and around the neck. Kimura is the primary submission; flattening is the objective. Submission grappling…
- Turk Ride alias Turk — folkstyle control under the near arm and around the neck. Kimura is the primary submission; flattening is the objective. Submission grappling…
- Turtle — Bottom (Defending) Turtle bottom — four-tier escape hierarchy and common defensive failures. Exit before seatbelt or headlock is established. Submission grappling reference.
- Turtle — Top (Attacking) Turtle top — Jones attack hierarchy, back take pathways, crucifix entry, four-point breakdown. Attacking the turtled opponent. Submission grappling…
- Turtle base alias Back escape to turtle — when face-out isn't available, belly-down and recover to turtle. Flattens the attacker's strangle threat, exits via all-fours…
- Turtle bottom alias Turtle bottom — four-tier escape hierarchy and common defensive failures. Exit before seatbelt or headlock is established. Submission grappling reference.
- Turtle Escape Techniques Turtle escape techniques — Granby roll, sit-out, switch, Peterson roll, hip heist. Transitional position exit. Submission grappling reference.
- Turtle inversion back take alias Kiss of the Dragon — Granby roll under the opponent from turtle bottom to expose the back. Direct back take entry. Submission grappling reference.
- Turtle roll armbar alias Shotgun armbar — rolling armbar entry from turtle top or folkstyle ride. The attacker traps the near arm and rolls through to finish. Entry mechanics…
- Turtle top alias Turtle top — Jones attack hierarchy, back take pathways, crucifix entry, four-point breakdown. Attacking the turtled opponent. Submission grappling…
- Twisted mount escape alias S-mount escape — hide the elbow, stack the fall-back, hitchhiker escape, stuff-and-spin. Arm protection is the primary priority because the arm is…
- Twister The Twister is a spinal rotation submission executed from the truck (crab ride) position. One leg hooks between the opponent's Submission grappling…
- Twister Hook Twister hook — one leg threaded between the opponent's legs to limit spinal rotation. Entry to the truck position. Submission grappling reference.
- Twister Side Control Twister side control is the positional platform for the Twister submission sequence. Specific body and leg positioning create access to the truck and the…
- Twisting arm control alias Mir Lock — straight arm shoulder and elbow submission; arm extended then cranked to load both the elbow and shoulder. Submission grappling reference.
- Two-on-one alias Russian tie — two hands on one arm; superior arm control for single leg, double leg, ankle pick, and arm drag entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Two-on-one butterfly alias Butterfly arm drag — arm drag clears the near arm, exposing the back or creating a single leg angle. Back take or sweep. Submission grappling reference.
- Two-on-one shins alias Double shin guard sweep in no-gi: controlling both shins to disrupt posture and force a sweep or leg entanglement. Covers Submission grappling reference.
U
23- Uchi Mata Uchi mata — inner thigh reap throw. One of the highest-percentage judo throws, increasingly dominant in elite no-gi competition. Submission grappling…
- Ude garami (inside) alias Kimura — figure-four shoulder lock in internal rotation and extension. The submission finish of the system; powers back takes. Submission grappling…
- Ude garami (outside) alias Americana — figure-four to the mat in external rotation. Inverse of the kimura. Primary submission from mount. Submission grappling reference.
- Ude garami escape alias Kimura escape — elbow to body, thigh grip, walk the wall, kimura counter roll. Early connection prevents arm isolation. Submission grappling reference.
- Under crucifix alias Crucifix bottom — near arm trapped between top player legs, bottom player on the side. Entry prevention is the primary defence. Submission grappling…
- Under knee on belly alias Knee on belly bottom — top knee into the abdomen. Instinctive push opens the armbar. Two-hand removal is the correct response. Submission grappling…
- Under mount alias Mount bottom — defending full mount, the highest-danger pin. Top player across the hips; preventing high mount is the priority. Submission grappling…
- Under north-south alias North-south bottom — opponent facing the feet, weight on the chest. Kimura threat is immediate. Primary escape: bridge and hip. Submission grappling…
- Under reverse kesa alias Reverse kesa gatame bottom — defending the reverse scarf hold. Top player hip-seated facing the defender's feet; primary threat is the near-arm kimura…
- Under scarf hold alias Kesa gatame bottom — defending the scarf hold. Top player seated perpendicular with head-and-arm control; near arm trapped under the top player's armpit…
- Under side control alias The defensive view of side control — when the opponent has completed a pass and holds the pin. The most common situation Submission grappling reference.
- Under tani otoshi pin alias Knee on belly bottom — top knee into the abdomen. Instinctive push opens the armbar. Two-hand removal is the correct response. Submission grappling…
- Under the leg-over mount alias S-mount bottom — defending the high mount with one leg over the far arm. Armbar, mounted triangle, and kimura are all seconds away; defence must prevent…
- Under the shoulder choke alias Kata gatame bottom — defending head-and-arm control. Top player's shoulder driven into the neck with the defender's near arm trapped against their own…
- Under-chin choke alias Short choke — rear strangle using the under-chin arm path. Primary option when chin tuck blocks the rear naked choke. Submission grappling reference.
- Underhook butterfly sweep alias Butterfly hook sweep — underhook controls direction, hook elevates and tips the top player. Foundation of the butterfly system. Submission grappling…
- Underhook half alias Underhook half guard — offensive half guard with the underhook on the shoulder. Base for dogfight, lockdown, and sweeps. Submission grappling reference.
- Underhook Half Guard (Bottom) Underhook half guard — offensive half guard with the underhook on the shoulder. Base for dogfight, lockdown, and sweeps. Submission grappling reference.
- Upside down guard alias Inverted guard — the guard player's hips are elevated above the head, back toward the mat, feet pointing at the opponent's head. Primary entry to…
- Ura-nage alias The suplex lifts the opponent from a rear body lock and arches backward, throwing them overhead. A high-amplitude Greco-Roman throw with German…
- Ushiro X — Reverse X Guard Ushiro X is an inverted X-guard position in which the bottom player faces the same direction as the opponent. The inversion Submission grappling reference.
- Ushiro X Pass Ushiro X pass — deny the hip inversion, close the inside space, and defeat the cross ashi / back take dilemma from reverse X guard. Submission grappling…
- Ushiro-X alias Ushiro X is an inverted X-guard position in which the bottom player faces the same direction as the opponent. The inversion Submission grappling reference.
V
6- V-lock alias Americana — figure-four to the mat in external rotation. Inverse of the kimura. Primary submission from mount. Submission grappling reference.
- Valley drop alias Tani otoshi (valley drop) — one leg steps behind and between the opponent's legs; the attacker drops backward, pulling the upper body down while the…
- Vertical ashi defence alias Standing passer against an opponent in a leg entanglement — ashi garami, outside ashi, cross ashi, 50/50. Stacking pressure, staying vertical, and…
- Vertical passing context alias Standing passer against a seated guard player — butterfly, shin-on-shin, seated. Grip fighting, distance management, and preventing wrestle-ups…
- Violin armlock alias Inverted armbar — attacks the elbow in supination with the arm rotated so the elbow faces upward; the attacker's chest or shoulder is the fulcrum…
- Von Flue Choke The Von Flue choke is a counter submission applied when the opponent attempts an arm-in guillotine from the bottom. The top Submission grappling reference.
W
27- Waiter back take alias Deep half back take — when the opponent posts forward to defend the sweep, the bottom player converts to the back take. Submission grappling reference.
- Waiter Guard Pass Waiter guard pass — recover the far leg from the under-hook, deny the sweep and leg entanglement entries, and pass the deep half variant. Submission…
- Waiter Position Waiter position — deep half guard variant; far leg underhook creates sweep leverage and back take entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Waiter position sweep alias Half waiter sweep — far leg lifted to remove the top player’s base, then hip escape to come on top. From waiter position. Submission grappling reference.
- Waiter Sweep Half waiter sweep — far leg lifted to remove the top player’s base, then hip escape to come on top. From waiter position. Submission grappling reference.
- Waiter sweep defence alias Waiter guard pass — recover the far leg from the under-hook, deny the sweep and leg entanglement entries, and pass the deep half variant. Submission…
- Waiter sweep position alias Waiter position — deep half guard variant; far leg underhook creates sweep leverage and back take entries. Submission grappling reference.
- Waki gatame alias Wristlock — radiocarpal joint attack via hyperextension or deviation. Shorter injury window; restricted in beginner contexts. Submission grappling…
- Wheel choke escape alias Ezekiel choke escape (no-gi) — chin tuck before the insertion, peel the inserting arm's wrist, turn into the elbow side, bridge and recover. Submission…
- Wide base half pass alias The split squat pass: a pressure-based half guard pass using a wide split stance to flatten the bottom player and grind through the guard.
- Williams Guard Williams guard uses an overhook around the opponent's head (meathook grip) from half guard or butterfly base, controlling posture and opening arm…
- Williams guard counter alias Williams guard pass — strip the head control overhook, recover posture, and defeat the arm triangle and back take platform. Submission grappling reference.
- Williams Guard Pass Williams guard pass — strip the head control overhook, recover posture, and defeat the arm triangle and back take platform. Submission grappling reference.
- Wilson Pass alias The Tozi pass drops the near shoulder under a butterfly or X-guard hook, trapping it to the mat with body weight and passing over the trapped leg. Also…
- Woj Lock The Woj lock is a heel hook variant that prioritises rotational torque through a specific grip and hip extension combination. Submission grappling…
- Wojciechowski lock alias The Woj lock is a heel hook variant that prioritises rotational torque through a specific grip and hip extension combination. Submission grappling…
- World Choke alias The Japanese Necktie is a combined neck crank and compression choke from a turtle-top front headlock. The attacker's forearm compresses the throat while…
- wrapped kouchi alias Kouchi makikomi — the wrapping variant of kouchi gari.
- Wrestle-up alias Sit-out and stand-up mechanics — highest-priority exit in the scramble hierarchy. Technical execution from bottom positions. Submission grappling…
- Wrestling Up (Turtle Bottom) Wrestling up is the act of returning to a standing base from the turtle bottom position. It is the primary proactive escape Submission grappling reference.
- Wrestling up from all-fours alias Wrestling up is the act of returning to a standing base from the turtle bottom position. It is the primary proactive escape Submission grappling reference.
- Wrist Control alias Wrist ride — folkstyle base-disruption tool; pinning the opponent’s wrist to the mat exposes the back and prevents recovery. Submission grappling…
- Wrist crank alias Wristlock — radiocarpal joint attack via hyperextension or deviation. Shorter injury window; restricted in beginner contexts. Submission grappling…
- Wrist Ride Wrist ride — folkstyle base-disruption tool; pinning the opponent’s wrist to the mat exposes the back and prevents recovery. Submission grappling…
- Wrist twist alias Wristlock — radiocarpal joint attack via hyperextension or deviation. Shorter injury window; restricted in beginner contexts. Submission grappling…
- Wrist-and-tricep drag alias Arm drag — opponent’s arm used as a handle to redirect their body; pulling across the centreline exposes the back. Submission grappling reference.
- Wristlock Wristlock — radiocarpal joint attack via hyperextension or deviation. Shorter injury window; restricted in beginner contexts. Submission grappling…
X
7- X tilt alias The X-guard tilt sweep in no-gi: from X-guard, elevate the captured leg and tilt the opponent to either the near or far side. Submission grappling…
- X-Guard X-guard controls one of the standing opponent's legs with both of the bottom player's legs in an X configuration. Hip elevation Submission grappling…
- X-guard back entry alias The X-guard back take in no-gi: from X-guard, turn the opponent and thread behind to take the back rather than sweeping. Used Submission grappling…
- X-Guard Back Take The X-guard back take in no-gi: from X-guard, turn the opponent and thread behind to take the back rather than sweeping. Used Submission grappling…
- X-guard corkscrew alias The X-guard tilt sweep in no-gi: from X-guard, elevate the captured leg and tilt the opponent to either the near or far side. Submission grappling…
- X-guard heist alias Heist sweep — from X-guard; hip-under entry and leg-lift finish disrupts the opponent’s base. Submission grappling reference.
- X-Guard Tilt Sweep The X-guard tilt sweep in no-gi: from X-guard, elevate the captured leg and tilt the opponent to either the near or far side. Submission grappling…
Y
4- Yoko sankaku alias Side triangle — triangle from a lateral position. Hip drive is lateral. Available from side control and north-south. Submission grappling reference.
- Yoko shiho gatame escape alias Side control escape techniques — hip escape, ghost escape, Granby roll, single leg escape, underhook recovery. Submission grappling reference.
- Yoko-otoshi alias The lateral drop drops the practitioner to the side while pulling the opponent's upper body across, throwing them over the dropping body. Applied from…
- Yotsubai escape alias Turtle escape techniques — Granby roll, sit-out, switch, Peterson roll, hip heist. Transitional position exit. Submission grappling reference.
Z
6- Z-Guard / Knee Shield Z-guard (knee shield) — elevated knee frame against the hip; underhook battle and exits to scorpion, butterfly, back takes. Submission grappling reference.
- Z-guard break alias Knee shield break — neutralise the Z-guard / half-guard shield by crushing, stepping over, or pummelling under the blocking knee. Required for passing…
- Z-guard half alias Z-guard (knee shield) — elevated knee frame against the hip; underhook battle and exits to scorpion, butterfly, back takes. Submission grappling reference.
- Z-half alias Z-guard (knee shield) — elevated knee frame against the hip; underhook battle and exits to scorpion, butterfly, back takes. Submission grappling reference.
- Z-Lock The Z-lock is a hip submission — the only submission in the lower limb system that targets the hip joint rather than the knee Submission grappling…
- Z-Lock alias Game Over (Z-lock, Leg Knot) — an entanglement in which the attacker controls both of the opponent's legs in a crossed configuration. Immediate heel hook…
#
12- 100 kilos alias Side control — chest-to-chest pin after a guard pass. Primary platform for kimura, arm triangle, D’Arce, and transitions. Submission grappling reference.
- 10th Planet half guard alias Lockdown — half guard with the top leg in a figure-four. Controls mobility; foundation of dogfight and electric chair. Submission grappling reference.
- 2-on-1 grip alias Russian tie — two hands on one arm; superior arm control for single leg, double leg, ankle pick, and arm drag entries. Submission grappling reference.
- 3/4 Armbar The 3/4 armbar is the bent-arm counter to the standard armbar — entered when the opponent bends their arm to defend. Rather Submission grappling reference.
- 4/11 alias Cross ashi garami — inside heel hook position: saddle, inside sankaku, honey hole. Hardest to escape; shortest injury timeline. Submission grappling…
- 45-degree mount alias Quarter mount — top position at 45 degrees between side control and mount. Natural intermediate in the mount entry sequence. Submission grappling…
- 45-degree mount defence alias Quarter mount bottom — defending the 45-degree transitional mount before it consolidates to flat mount or converts to kimura. The defensive window is…
- 50/50 The 50/50 is the symmetric leg entanglement — both players have equal structural access to each other's heel. Understanding Submission grappling reference.
- 50/50 Guard alias The 50/50 is the symmetric leg entanglement — both players have equal structural access to each other's heel. Understanding Submission grappling reference.
- 70/30 70/30 (80/20) — asymmetric leg entanglement where one player controls a larger share of the leg, creating heel hook advantage. Submission grappling…
- 8 o’clock pin escape alias North-south escape techniques — hip escape, Granby roll to deep half, arm drag counter, sit-up scramble. Early movement is key. Submission grappling…
- 80/20 alias 70/30 (80/20) — asymmetric leg entanglement where one player controls a larger share of the leg, creating heel hook advantage. Submission grappling…
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